Introduction of β-d-mannuronic acid (M2000) as a novel NSAID with immunosuppressive property based on COX-1/COX-2 activity and gene expression

The NSAIDs which inhibit the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes are among medications widely used to treat pain and inflammation. These drugs cause digestive complications resulting in inhibition of the COX-1 enzyme, while the inhibition of the COX-2 enzyme has therapeutic effects. Therefore research focu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pharmacological reports 2017-10, Vol.69 (5), p.1067-1072
Main Authors: Mirshafiey, Abbas, Taeb, Mahsa, Mortazavi-Jahromi, Seyed Shahabeddin, Jafarnezhad-Ansariha, Fahimeh, Rehm, Bernd H.A., Esposito, Emanuela, Cuzzocrea, Salvatore, Matsuo, Hidenori
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Animals
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - pharmacology
Cell Line
COX-1
COX-2
Cyclooxygenase 1 - genetics
Cyclooxygenase 1 - metabolism
Cyclooxygenase 2 - genetics
Cyclooxygenase 2 - metabolism
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors - pharmacology
Dinoprostone - genetics
Dinoprostone - metabolism
Drug Safety and Pharmacovigilance
Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic - drug effects
Hexuronic Acids - pharmacology
Humans
Immunosuppressive Agents - pharmacology
M2000
Mice
Middle Aged
NSAIDs
Original Article
PGE2
Pharmacotherapy
Pharmacy
RNA, Messenger - genetics
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
β-d-mannuronic
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Summary:The NSAIDs which inhibit the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes are among medications widely used to treat pain and inflammation. These drugs cause digestive complications resulting in inhibition of the COX-1 enzyme, while the inhibition of the COX-2 enzyme has therapeutic effects. Therefore research focuses on the production of medications that specifically inhibit the COX-2 enzyme. This study aimed to study the effects of β-d-mannuronic (M2000) acid on the gene expression and activity of COX-1/COX-2 enzymes in order to introduce a novel NSAID for treating inflammatory diseases. The mRNA expression levels of COXs were analyzed with qRT-PCR. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentration in culture media was determined using ELISA method. Our results indicated that the M2000 at low and high dose could significantly reduce the gene expression level of COX-2 compared to the LPS group (p 
ISSN:1734-1140
2299-5684
DOI:10.1016/j.pharep.2017.04.015