Antioxidant Effect of Thiamine on Acutely Alcoholized Rats and Lack of Efficacy Using Thiamine or Glucose to Reduce Blood Alcohol Content

:  Although there is no consensus about the use of glucose and thiamine for the treatment of acute ethanol intoxication, this is a routine practice in many countries. Our objective was to determine the efficacy of this treatment and the changes it causes in the antioxidant status of the liver. Male...

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Published in:Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology 2008-11, Vol.103 (5), p.482-486
Main Authors: Portari, Guilherme V., Marchini, Julio Sergio, Vannucchi, Helio, Jordao, Alceu A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alcoholic Intoxication - drug therapy
Animals
Antioxidants - metabolism
Antioxidants - pharmacology
Biological and medical sciences
Central Nervous System Depressants - pharmacokinetics
Ethanol - pharmacokinetics
Glucose - pharmacology
Glutathione - drug effects
Glutathione - metabolism
Liver - drug effects
Liver - metabolism
Male
Malondialdehyde - metabolism
Medical sciences
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Thiamine - pharmacology
Vitamin E - metabolism
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Summary::  Although there is no consensus about the use of glucose and thiamine for the treatment of acute ethanol intoxication, this is a routine practice in many countries. Our objective was to determine the efficacy of this treatment and the changes it causes in the antioxidant status of the liver. Male Wistar rats were intoxicated with an ethanol dose of 5 g/kg and divided into three groups: ethanol (EtOH; untreated), EtOH+G (treated with glucose), and EtOH+B1 (treated with thiamine). Blood and urinary ethanol as well as hepatic malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione and vitamin E were determined in all animals. Blood alcohol levels did not differ between groups, although urinary excretion was about four times higher in the group treated with thiamine (EtOH+B1). The malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione and vitamin E values used here as parameters of the antioxidant system of the liver showed improvement for the thiamine‐treated group (EtOH+B1). Treatment with glucose or thiamine was ineffective in reducing blood alcohol levels in rats with acute ethanol intoxication. However, the beneficial effect of thiamine as an antioxidant for ethanol metabolism was demonstrated. Further investigations are necessary to clarify the urinary excretion of ethanol reported here for the first time and the possibility of using thiamine as an antioxidant in situations of chronic alcohol use.
ISSN:1742-7835
1742-7843
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-7843.2008.00311.x