Effect of Cuscuta campestris parasitism on the physiological and anatomical changes in untreated and herbicide-treated sugar beet

The effects of field dodder on physiological and anatomical processes in untreated sugar beet plants and the effects of propyzamide on field dodder were examined under controlled conditions. The experiment included the following variants: N-noninfested sugar beet plants (control); I - infested sugar...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of environmental science and health. Part B, Pesticides, food contaminants, and agricultural wastes Pesticides, food contaminants, and agricultural wastes, 2017-11, Vol.52 (11), p.812-816
Main Authors: Saric-Krsmanovic, Marija M., Bozic, Dragana M., Radivojevic, Ljiljana M., Umiljendic, Jelena S. Gajic, Vrbnicanin, Sava P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Benzamides - pharmacology
Berberis vulgaris
Beta vulgaris - anatomy & histology
Beta vulgaris - drug effects
Beta vulgaris - parasitology
Beta vulgaris - physiology
Carotenoids
Cell surface
Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll - analogs & derivatives
Chlorophyll - metabolism
Conductance
Controlled conditions
Cuscuta
Cuscuta campestris
Epidermis
Field dodder
Herbicides
Herbicides - pharmacology
Infestation
leaf parameters
Leaves
Mesophyll
Microscopy
Paraffin
Paraffin wax
Parasitism
Parenchyma
petiole parameters
Phloem
Photosynthesis
Physiological effects
Physiology
pigments content
Plant Leaves - metabolism
propyzamide
Reduction
Resistance
Spectrophotometry
Xylem
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Summary:The effects of field dodder on physiological and anatomical processes in untreated sugar beet plants and the effects of propyzamide on field dodder were examined under controlled conditions. The experiment included the following variants: N-noninfested sugar beet plants (control); I - infested sugar beet plants (untreated), and infested plants treated with propyzamide (1500 g a.i. ha −1 (T 1 ) and 2000 g a.i. ha −1 (T 2 )). The following parameters were checked: physiological-pigment contents (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total carotenoids); anatomical -leaf parameters: thickness of epidermis, parenchyma and spongy tissue, mesophyll and underside leaf epidermis, and diameter of bundle sheath cells; petiole parameters: diameter of tracheid, petiole hydraulic conductance, xylem surface, phloem cell diameter and phloem area in sugar beet plants. A conventional paraffin wax method was used to prepare the samples for microscopy. Pigment contents were measured spectrophotometrically after methanol extraction. All parameters were measured: prior to herbicide application (0 assessment), then 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days after application (DAA). Field dodder was found to affect the pigment contents in untreated sugar beet plants, causing significant reductions. Conversely, reduction in the treated plants decreased 27% to 4% for chlorophyll a, from 21% to 5% for chlorophyll b, and from 28% to 5% for carotenoids (T 1 ). Also, in treatment T 2, reduction decreased in infested and treated plants from 19% to 2% for chlorophyll a, from 21% to 2% for chlorophyll b, from 23% to 3% for carotenoids and stimulation of 1% and 2% was observed 28 and 35 DAA, respectively. Plants infested (untreated) by field dodder had lower values of most anatomical parameters, compared to noninfested plants. The measured anatomical parameters of sugar beet leaves and petiole had significantly higher values in noninfested plants and plants treated with propyzamide than in untreated plants. Also, the results showed that propyzamide is an adequate herbicide for control of field dodder at the stage of early infestation.
ISSN:0360-1234
1532-4109
DOI:10.1080/03601234.2017.1356167