Major depression and secondhand smoke exposure

Epidemiological studies have consistently linked smoking to poor mental health. Among non-smokers, some studies have also reported associations between secondhand smoke exposure and psychological symptoms. However, an association between secondhand smoke exposure and depressive disorders has not bee...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of affective disorders 2018-01, Vol.225, p.260-264
Main Authors: Patten, Scott B., Williams, Jeanne V.A., Lavorato, Dina H., Woolf, Benjamin, Wang, Jian Li, Bulloch, Andrew G.M., Sajobi, Tolulope
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Canada
Comorbidity
Cross-Sectional Studies
Depressive Disorder, Major - epidemiology
Depressive Disorder, Major - etiology
Female
Humans
Male
Mental Health - statistics & numerical data
Middle Aged
Odds Ratio
Public Health
Risk Factors
Smoking - adverse effects
Smoking - epidemiology
Tobacco Smoke Pollution - adverse effects
Tobacco Smoke Pollution - statistics & numerical data
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Summary:Epidemiological studies have consistently linked smoking to poor mental health. Among non-smokers, some studies have also reported associations between secondhand smoke exposure and psychological symptoms. However, an association between secondhand smoke exposure and depressive disorders has not been well established. This analysis used cross-sectional data from a series of 10 population surveys conducted in Canada between 2003 and 2013. The surveys targeted the Canadian household population, included a brief structured interview for past year major depressive episode (MDE) and included items assessing secondhand smoke exposure. We used two-stage individual-level random-effects meta-regression to synthesize results from these surveys. Over the study interval, about 20% of non-smokers reported substantial exposure to secondhand smoke. In this group, the pooled annual prevalence of MDE was 6.1% (95% CI 5.3–6.9) compared to 4.0% (95% CI 3.7–4.3) in non-smokers without secondhand smoke exposure. The crude odds ratio was 1.5 (95% CI 1.4–1.7). With adjustment for a set of potential confounding variables the odds ratio was unchanged, 1.4 (95% CI 1.2 – 1.6). These results provide additional support for public health measures aimed at reducing secondhand smoke exposure. A causal connection between secondhand smoke exposure and MDEs cannot be confirmed due to the cross-sectional nature of the data. Longitudinal studies are needed to establish temporal sequencing. •Secondhand smoke exposure is associated with major depressive episodes in the general population.•The association persists with adjustment for other determinants of mental health status.•Stringent efforts to avoid secondhand smoke exposure may have clinical and public mental health value.
ISSN:0165-0327
1573-2517
DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.006