Preliminary screening of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) flame retardants in landfill leachate

The occurrence of selected brominated flame retardants, including nine polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners, hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) in leachate samples from eight landfill sites in South Africa, were investigated. In addition, the possible influenc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental monitoring and assessment 2017-08, Vol.189 (8), p.418-418, Article 418
Main Authors: Daso, Adegbenro P., Rohwer, Egmont R., Koot, Dwayne J., Okonkwo, Jonathan O.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Bromination
Bromine
Bromine compounds
Chemical industry
Congeners
Diphenyl ether
Dissolved organic carbon
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecology
Ecotoxicology
Environment
Environmental Management
Environmental Monitoring
Environmental science
Ethers
Flame retardants
Flame Retardants - analysis
Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers - analysis
Hydrocarbons, Brominated - analysis
Landfill
Landfills
Leachates
Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
Organic carbon
Polybrominated Biphenyls
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers
Retardants
Solid Phase Extraction
South Africa
Tetrabromobisphenol A
Waste disposal sites
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
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Summary:The occurrence of selected brominated flame retardants, including nine polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners, hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) in leachate samples from eight landfill sites in South Africa, were investigated. In addition, the possible influences of dissolved organic carbon on their levels were also evaluated. Filtered leachate samples were subjected to solid-phase extraction to isolate the various target compounds. PBDEs with six bromine substituents and above, as well as α-HBCDD, β-HBCDD and TBBPA, were generally found below the detection limit. However, the mean value of the total lower PBDE congeners ranged between 0.04 and 0.48 μg L −1 , and the concentrations of γ-HBCDD ranged from not detectable (ND) to 0.05 μg L −1 . No significant correlation was observed between the target compounds and dissolved organic carbon, although weak to moderate correlations were mostly observed for the lower PBDEs.
ISSN:0167-6369
1573-2959
DOI:10.1007/s10661-017-6131-z