Effects of BPF on steroid hormone homeostasis and gene expression in the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis of zebrafish

Bisphenol F (BPF) has been frequently detected in various environmental compartments, and previous studies found that BPF exhibits similar estrogenic and anti-androgenic effects on the mammalian endocrine system to those of bisphenol A (BPA). However, the potential disrupting effects of BPF on aquat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental science and pollution research international 2017-09, Vol.24 (26), p.21311-21322
Main Authors: Yang, Qian, Yang, Xianhai, Liu, Jining, Ren, Wenjuan, Chen, Yingwen, Shen, Shubao
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
17β-Estradiol
Animals
Aquatic organisms
Aquatic Pollution
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Benzhydryl Compounds - toxicity
Bisphenol A
Compartments
Danio rerio
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecotoxicology
Endocrine Disruptors - toxicity
Endocrine system
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Environmental science
Estrogenic activity
Fecundity
Female
Fish
Gene expression
Gene Expression - drug effects
Gonadal Steroid Hormones - genetics
Gonadal Steroid Hormones - metabolism
Gonads - drug effects
Gonads - metabolism
Histology
Homeostasis
Homeostasis - drug effects
Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - drug effects
Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System - metabolism
Hypothalamus
Liver
Male
Males
Phenols - toxicity
Pituitary
Polymerase chain reaction
Research Article
Sex differences
Sex hormones
Testosterone
Vitellogenin
Waste Water Technology
Water Management
Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity
Water Pollution Control
Xenoestrogens
Zebrafish
Zebrafish - genetics
Zebrafish - metabolism
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Summary:Bisphenol F (BPF) has been frequently detected in various environmental compartments, and previous studies found that BPF exhibits similar estrogenic and anti-androgenic effects on the mammalian endocrine system to those of bisphenol A (BPA). However, the potential disrupting effects of BPF on aquatic organisms and the underling disrupting mechanisms have not been investigated. In this study, the potential disrupting mechanisms of BPF on the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis and liver were probed by employing the OECD 21-day short-term fecundity assay in zebrafish. The results show that BPF exposure (1 mg/L) impaired the reproductive function of zebrafish, as exemplified by alterations to testicular and ovarian histology of the treated zebrafish. Homogenate testosterone (T) levels in male zebrafish decreased in a concentration-dependent manner, and 17β-estradiol (E2) levels increased significantly when fish were exposed to 0.1 and 1 mg/L BPF. The real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to examine gene expression in the HPG axis and liver. Hepatic vitellogenin expression was significantly upregulated in males, suggesting that BPF possesses estrogenic activity. The disturbed hormone balance was enhanced by the significant changes in gene expression along the HPG axis. These alterations suggest that BPF leads to adverse effects on the endocrine system of teleost fish, and that these effects were more prominent in males than in females.
ISSN:0944-1344
1614-7499
DOI:10.1007/s11356-017-9773-z