Antioxidant effect of acetylsalicylic and salicylic acid in rat brain slices subjected to hypoxia

Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) reduces the incidence of ischemic stroke mainly through its antithrombotic action; however, it also has a direct neuroprotective effect. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of ASA on oxidative stress and the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in an i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of neuroscience research 2004-01, Vol.75 (2), p.280-290
Main Authors: De La Cruz, J.P., Guerrero, A., González-Correa, J.A., Arrebola, M.M., Sánchez de la Cuesta, F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
acetylsalicylic acid
Animals
Aspirin - blood
Aspirin - pharmacology
brain hypoxia
brain oxidative stress
Cell Death - drug effects
Cell Death - physiology
Disease Models, Animal
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Drug Combinations
Glutathione - drug effects
Glutathione - metabolism
Hypoxia, Brain - drug therapy
Hypoxia, Brain - metabolism
Hypoxia, Brain - physiopathology
In Vitro Techniques
Lipid Peroxidation - drug effects
Lipid Peroxidation - physiology
Male
Neuroprotective Agents - blood
Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology
nitric oxide
Nitric Oxide Synthase - drug effects
Nitric Oxide Synthase - metabolism
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
Oxidative Stress - physiology
Rats
Rats, Wistar
salicylic acid
Salicylic Acid - blood
Salicylic Acid - pharmacology
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Summary:Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) reduces the incidence of ischemic stroke mainly through its antithrombotic action; however, it also has a direct neuroprotective effect. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of ASA on oxidative stress and the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in an in vitro model of hypoxia in rat brain slices. Rat brain slices were perfused with nitrogen (hypoxia) for a maximum of 120 min, after which we measured lipid peroxidation, glutathione levels, glutathione‐related enzyme activities, and constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activities. In brain tissue subjected to hypoxia, ASA reduced oxidative stress and iNOS activity (all increased by hypoxia), but only when used at higher concentrations. The effects of salicylic acid (SA) were similar but more intense than were those of ASA. After oral administration, the effect of SA was much greater than that of ASA, and the decrease in cell death with SA was seen much more clearly. In view of the greater effect of SA compared to ASA on changes in oxidative stress parameters in a model of hypoxia, and higher brain concentrations of SA when it is administered alone than when ASA is given (undetectable levels), we conclude that SA plays an important role in the cytoprotective effect in brain tissue after ASA administration. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ISSN:0360-4012
1097-4547
DOI:10.1002/jnr.10851