Bioactivity and biomineralization ability of calcium silicate‐based pulp‐capping materials after subcutaneous implantation

Aim To evaluate the abilities of three calcium silicate‐based pulp‐capping materials (ProRoot MTA, TheraCal LC and a prototype tricalcium silicate cement) to produce apatite‐like precipitates after being subcutaneously implanted into rats. Methodology Polytetrafluoroethylene tubes containing each ma...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International endodontic journal 2017-12, Vol.50 (S2), p.e40-e51
Main Authors: Hinata, G., Yoshiba, K., Han, L., Edanami, N., Yoshiba, N., Okiji, T.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aluminum Compounds - pharmacology
Animals
Apatite
Apatites - pharmacology
bioactivity
Biocompatible Materials - pharmacology
Biological activity
biomineralization
Calcification, Physiologic
Calcium
Calcium Compounds - pharmacology
calcium silicate
Cement
Dental pulp
Dentistry
Drug Combinations
Electron probe
Electron Probe Microanalysis
Endodontics
EPMA
Glutaraldehyde
Implants, Experimental
Materials Testing
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
mineral trioxide aggregate
Mineralization
Oxides - pharmacology
Phosphorus
Polytetrafluoroethylene
Pulp Capping and Pulpectomy Agents - pharmacology
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Scanning electron microscopy
Silicates - pharmacology
subcutaneous implantation
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Summary:Aim To evaluate the abilities of three calcium silicate‐based pulp‐capping materials (ProRoot MTA, TheraCal LC and a prototype tricalcium silicate cement) to produce apatite‐like precipitates after being subcutaneously implanted into rats. Methodology Polytetrafluoroethylene tubes containing each material were subcutaneously implanted into the backs of Wistar rats. At 7, 14 and 28 days post‐implantation, the implants were removed together with the surrounding connective tissue, and fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in cacodylate buffer. The chemical compositions of the surface precipitates formed on the implants were analysed with scanning electron microscopy–electron probe microanalysis (SEM‐EPMA). The distributions of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) at the material–tissue interface were also analysed with SEM‐EPMA. Comparisons of the thicknesses of the Ca‐ and P‐rich areas were performed using the Friedman test followed by Scheffe's test at a significant level of 5%. Results All three materials produced apatite‐like surface precipitates containing Ca and P. For each material, elemental mapping detected a region of connective tissue in which the concentrations of Ca and P were higher than those in the surrounding connective tissue. The thickness of this Ca‐ and P‐rich region exhibited the following pattern: ProRoot MTA > prototype tricalcium silicate cement ≥ TheraCal LC. ProRoot MTA had a significantly thicker layer of Ca and P than the other materials at all time‐points (P 
ISSN:0143-2885
1365-2591
DOI:10.1111/iej.12802