Age‐related effect of cell death on fiber morphology and number in tongue muscle

ABSTRACT Introduction: Multiple pathways may exist for age‐related tongue muscle degeneration. Cell death is one mechanism contributing to muscle atrophy and decreased function. We hypothesized with aging, apoptosis, and apoptotic regulators would be increased, and muscle fiber size and number would...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Muscle & nerve 2018-01, Vol.57 (1), p.E29-E37
Main Authors: Kletzien, Heidi, Hare, Allison J., Leverson, Glen, Connor, Nadine P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
age‐related pathology
Aging
Aging - pathology
animal model
Animals
Apoptosis
Atrophy
Bcl-2 protein
biology of aging
Body Weight
Caspase
Caspase 3 - biosynthesis
Caspase 3 - genetics
Caspase-3
Cell Count
Cell Death
Cytology
Degeneration
In Situ Nick-End Labeling
Male
Morphology
Mortality
muscle
Muscle Fibers, Skeletal - pathology
Muscle, Skeletal - pathology
Muscles
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 - biosynthesis
Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 - genetics
Rats
Rats, Inbred F344
Regulators
Skull
speech
swallowing
Tongue
Tongue - pathology
Tongue Diseases - pathology
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Summary:ABSTRACT Introduction: Multiple pathways may exist for age‐related tongue muscle degeneration. Cell death is one mechanism contributing to muscle atrophy and decreased function. We hypothesized with aging, apoptosis, and apoptotic regulators would be increased, and muscle fiber size and number would be reduced in extrinsic tongue muscles. Methods: Cell death indices, expression of caspase‐3 and Bcl‐2, and measures of muscle morphology and number were determined in extrinsic tongue muscles of young and old rats. Results: Significant increases in cell death, caspase‐3, and Bcl‐2 were observed in all extrinsic tongue muscles along with reductions in muscle fiber number in old rats. Discussion: We demonstrated that apoptosis indices increase with age in lingual muscles and that alterations in apoptotic regulators may be associated with age‐related degeneration in muscle fiber size and number. These observed apoptotic processes may be detrimental to muscle function, and may contribute to degradation of cranial functions with age. Muscle Nerve 57: E29–E37, 2018
ISSN:0148-639X
1097-4598
DOI:10.1002/mus.25671