Geo-Accumulation Indices of Heavy Metals in Soil and Groundwater of Kanpur, India Under Long Term Irrigation of Tannery Effluent

Soil and groundwater from long-term (>50 years) tannery effluent irrigated areas of Kanpur were analyzed and significant buildup of heavy metals such as Cr, Ni, Cd, Pb, Zn, and As in the range of 252–972, 23–30, 2.3–14.1, 23.7–58.8, 138–338 and 6.8–11 mg kg −1 , respectively in soil was found. Fe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 2017-05, Vol.98 (5), p.706-711
Main Authors: Dotaniya, M. L., Meena, V. D., Rajendiran, S., Coumar, M. Vassanda, Saha, J. K., Kundu, S., Patra, A. K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aquatic Pollution
Chromium
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecotoxicology
Effluents
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Environmental Monitoring
Groundwater - chemistry
Groundwater pollution
Heavy metal content
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
India
Industrial Waste - analysis
Metals, Heavy - analysis
Pollution
Sewage irrigation
Soil - chemistry
Soil contamination
Soil Pollutants - analysis
Soil Science & Conservation
Tanning
Waste Water Technology
Water Management
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
Water Pollution Control
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Summary:Soil and groundwater from long-term (>50 years) tannery effluent irrigated areas of Kanpur were analyzed and significant buildup of heavy metals such as Cr, Ni, Cd, Pb, Zn, and As in the range of 252–972, 23–30, 2.3–14.1, 23.7–58.8, 138–338 and 6.8–11 mg kg −1 , respectively in soil was found. Few groundwater samples in the effluent irrigated areas also exhibited high Cr concentration above the permissible limit of United States Environmental Protection Agency. The tannery effluents contained 1.53–57.3 ppm Cr, 0–0.12 ppm Ni, 0–0.02 ppm Cd, 0–0.07 ppm Pb, 0–0.48 ppm Zn and 0–0.03 ppm As. The Geo-accumulation index (I geo ) revealed that soil samples were unpolluted to moderately polluted with Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb and As; moderately polluted in case of Cd; and heavily to extremely polluted by Cr.
ISSN:0007-4861
1432-0800
DOI:10.1007/s00128-016-1983-4