Inhibitory Activity of Avocado Seed Fatty Acid Derivatives (Acetogenins) Against Listeria Monocytogenes

High standards regarding Listeria monocytogenes control and consumer demands for food products without synthetic additives represent a challenge to food industry. We determined the antilisterial properties of an enriched acetogenin extract (EAE) from avocado seed, compared it to two commercial antim...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of food science 2017-01, Vol.82 (1), p.134-144
Main Authors: Salinas‐Salazar, Carmen, Hernández‐Brenes, Carmen, Rodríguez‐Sánchez, Dariana Graciela, Castillo, Elena Cristina, Navarro‐Silva, Jesús Manuel, Pacheco, Adriana
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
acetogenins
Acetogenins - pharmacology
Additives
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
Antiinfectives and antibacterials
antimicrobial
avocado
centrifugal partition chromatography
Chromatography
Consumption
Enrichment
Fatty acids
Fatty Acids - pharmacology
Food contamination & poisoning
Food safety
Foods
Humans
Listeria
Listeria monocytogenes
Listeria monocytogenes - drug effects
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Persea - chemistry
Persea americana
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
Seeds
Seeds - chemistry
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:High standards regarding Listeria monocytogenes control and consumer demands for food products without synthetic additives represent a challenge to food industry. We determined the antilisterial properties of an enriched acetogenin extract (EAE) from avocado seed, compared it to two commercial antimicrobials (one enriched in avocado acetogenins), and tested purified molecules. Acetogenin composition in pulp and seed of Hass avocado was quantified. EAE were obtained by two sequential centrifuge partition chromatography separations and molecules purified by preparative chromatography and quantified by HPLC‐MS‐TOF and HPLC‐PDA. Avocado seed extracts which are the following two: 1) EAE and 2) the commercially available antimicrobial Avosafe®, presented similar inhibition zones and chemical profiles. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of extracts and two isolated acetogenins varied between 7.8 and 15.6 mg/L, were effective at 37 and 4 °C, and showed a bactericidal effect probably caused by increased membrane permeability and lytic effects, evidenced by flow cytometry at 10 and 100× MIC. Activity was comparable to Mirenat®. Most potent acetogenins were Persenone C (5) and A (6), and AcO‐avocadenyne (1), the latter exclusively present in seed. Common features of bioactive molecules were the acetyl moiety and multiple unsaturations (2 to 3) in the aliphatic chain, some persenones also featured a trans‐enone group. Seeds contained 1.6 times higher levels of acetogenins than pulp (5048.1 ± 575.5 and 3107.0 ± 207.2 mg/kg fresh weight, respectively), and total content in pulp was 199 to 398 times higher than MIC values. Therefore, acetogenin levels potentially consumed by humans are higher than inhibitory concentrations. Results document properties of avocado seed acetogenins as natural antilisterial food additives. Practical Application Avocado acetogenins possess antilisterial activity comparable to that of synthetic commercial antimicrobials, indicating that enriched extracts or isolated compounds from avocado fruit can potentially be incorporated into ready‐to‐eat (RTE) foods as natural additives to control Listeria monocytogenes. As a waste product of the industry, avocado seeds represent a good source of these molecules. Humans already consume acetogenins from avocado pulp above antilisterial levels; however, bioavailability and safety of the enriched extracts and isolated compounds needs further assessment.
ISSN:0022-1147
1750-3841
DOI:10.1111/1750-3841.13553