Evaluation of estrogenicity of major heavy metals

We have employed an estrogen receptor dependent transcriptional expression assay and E-Screen assay systems to evaluate the estrogenicity of various heavy metals and their species. Using the former, the following estrogenicity ranking was measured: bis(tri- n-butyltin)>cadmium chloride>antimon...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Science of the total environment 2003-08, Vol.312 (1), p.15-21
Main Authors: Choe, Suck-Young, Kim, So-Jung, Kim, Hae-Gyoung, Lee, Ji Ho, Choi, Younghee, Lee, Hun, Kim, Yangho
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
Biological Assay
Breast Neoplasms - pathology
Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases
E-Screen assay
Environmental Pollutants - adverse effects
Estrogen receptor dependent transcriptional expression assay
Estrogenicity
Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects
Genes, Reporter
Heavy metals
Humans
Luciferases - pharmacology
Medical sciences
Metals and various inorganic compounds
Metals, Heavy - adverse effects
Receptors, Estrogen - biosynthesis
Receptors, Estrogen - drug effects
Reference Values
Toxicology
Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Summary:We have employed an estrogen receptor dependent transcriptional expression assay and E-Screen assay systems to evaluate the estrogenicity of various heavy metals and their species. Using the former, the following estrogenicity ranking was measured: bis(tri- n-butyltin)>cadmium chloride>antimony chloride>barium chloride=chromium chloride>lithium hydroxide>sodium selenate=lead acetate>stannous chloride. Using the latter, the following estrogenicity ranking was measured: bis(tri- n-butyltin)>cadmium chloride>antimony chloride>lithium hydroxide>barium chloride>sodium selenate>chromium chloride. Especially, bis(tri- n-butyltin), cadmium chloride, antimony chloride, lithium hydroxide, barium chloride, and chromium chloride showed estrogenicity in both assay systems. Recent studies suggesting that bis(tri- n-butyltin), cadmium chloride, and lithium hydroxide have estrogenicities are compatible with the present findings. Furthermore, our studies are the first to suggest that antimony, barium, chromium may be estrogenic. A range of estrogenicity was observed for different species of the same heavy metal. The results demonstrate that an estrogen receptor dependent transcriptional expression assay and the E-Screen assay systems could serve as a useful method to assess the estrogenicity of heavy metals.
ISSN:0048-9697
1879-1026
DOI:10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00190-6