Decreased Stimulation of CD4 super(+) T Cell Proliferation and IL-2 Production by Highly Enriched Populations of HIV-Infected Dendritic Cells

APC infection and dysfunction may contribute to the immunopathogenesis of HIV disease. In this study, we examined immunologic function of highly enriched populations of HIV-infected monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC). Compared with uninfected DC, HIV-infected DC markedly down-regulated surface ex...

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Published in:The Journal of immunology (1950) 2003-04, Vol.170 (8), p.4260-4266
Main Authors: Kawamura, T, Gatanaga, H, Borris, D L, Connors, M, Mitsuya, H, Blauvelt, A
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:APC infection and dysfunction may contribute to the immunopathogenesis of HIV disease. In this study, we examined immunologic function of highly enriched populations of HIV-infected monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC). Compared with uninfected DC, HIV-infected DC markedly down-regulated surface expression of CD4. HIV p24 super(+) DC were then enriched by negative selection of CD4 super(+)HIV p24 super(-) DC and assessed for cytokine secretion and immunologic function. Although enriched populations of HIV-infected DC secreted increased IL-12p70 and decreased IL-10, these cells were poor stimulators of allogeneic CD4 super(+) T cell proliferation and IL-2 production. Interestingly, HIV-infected DC secreted HIV gp120 and the addition of soluble (s) CD4 (a known ligand for HIV gp120) to DC- CD4 super(+) T cell cocultures restored T cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. By contrast, addition of antiretroviral drugs did not affect CD4 super(+) T cell proliferation. Furthermore, recombinant HIV gp120 inhibited proliferation in uninfected cocultures of allogeneic DC and CD4 super(+) T cells, an effect that was also reversed by addition of sCD4. In summary, we show that HIV gp120 produced by DC infected by HIV in vitro impairs normal CD4 super(+) T cell function and that sCD4 completely reverses HIV gp120-mediated immunosuppression. We hypothesize that HIV-infected DC may contribute to impaired CD4 super(+) T cell- mediated immune responses in vivo and that agents that block this particular immunosuppression may be potential immune adjuvants in HIV-infected individuals.
ISSN:0022-1767