Adherence to the DASH diet in relation to psychological profile of Iranian adults

Adherence to the DASH diet in relation to psychological profile of Iranian adults

Introduction Although empirically derived dietary patterns have been examined in relation to depression, limited data are available linking theory-based dietary patterns and psychological health. Objective We aimed to investigate the association between adherence to DASH-style diet and psychological...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European journal of nutrition 2017-02, Vol.56 (1), p.309-320
Main Authors: Valipour, Ghazaleh, Esmaillzadeh, Ahmad, Azadbakht, Leila, Afshar, Hamid, Hassanzadeh, Ammar, Adibi, Peyman
Format: Article
Language:eng
Subjects:
Adult
Body Mass Index
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Cross-Sectional Studies
Dairy Products
Depression - epidemiology
Fabaceae
Female
Fruit
Healthy Diet
Humans
Iran
Logistic Models
Male
Meat Products
Mental Health
Multivariate Analysis
Nutrition
Nutrition Assessment
Nuts
Original Contribution
Patient Compliance
Prevalence
Red Meat
Socioeconomic Factors
Surveys and Questionnaires
Vegetables
Waist Circumference
Whole Grains
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Summary:Introduction Although empirically derived dietary patterns have been examined in relation to depression, limited data are available linking theory-based dietary patterns and psychological health. Objective We aimed to investigate the association between adherence to DASH-style diet and psychological health among Iranian adults. Methods This cross-sectional study was done among 3846 general public adults in Isfahan, Iran. Dietary assessment was conducted using a validated 106-item dish-based semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. To investigate participants’ adherence to DASH-style diet, we created DASH score based on earlier publications focusing on eight components (fruits, vegetables, nuts and legumes, dairy products, grains, sweetened beverages and sweets, sodium, and red and processed meats). Participants were classified into three categories based on their DASH score [low (≤40), moderate (41–50), and high adherence (≥51)]. This categorization, instead of distribution-based classification, was used due to low adherence to the DASH dietary pattern in the study population. Psychological health was examined by means of validated Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and General Health Questionnaire. Depression, anxiety, and psychological distress were defined based on standard criteria. Results We found that moderate adherence to DASH-style diet was associated with lower odds of depression (OR 0.73; 95 % CI 0.59–0.90, P trend  = 0.63) compared with those with the lowest adherence. In our stratified analyses, these associations remained significant for women (0.70; 0.54–0.91) and for normal-weight participants (0.70; 0.52–0.92). Moreover, after controlling for potential confounders, an inverse association was observed between high adherence to DASH-style diet and anxiety in normal-weight participants (0.61; 0.37–0.98). Such associations were also seen between moderate adherence to DASH-eating style and anxiety in overweight or obese individuals (0.63; 0.42–0.95). We failed to find any significant association between consumption of DASH-style diet and psychological distress. Conclusion We found an inverse association between moderate adherence to DASH dietary pattern and depression. Further prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.
ISSN:1436-6207
1436-6215