Osmophobia and olfactory functions in patients with migraine

Olfactory dysfunction and migraine has been associated for a long time. In this study, we planned to compare olfactory functions in patients with migraine and osmophobia with patients having migraine but no osmophobia, in addition with a normal control group using “Sniffin’ Sticks” test. The main di...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology 2017-02, Vol.274 (2), p.817-821
Main Authors: Kayabaşoglu, Gürkan, Altundag, Aytug, Kotan, Dilcan, Dizdar, Denizhan, Kaymaz, Recep
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Case-Control Studies
Female
Head and Neck Surgery
Humans
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Middle Aged
Migraine Disorders - complications
Migraine Disorders - physiopathology
Migraine Disorders - psychology
Neurosurgery
Odorants
Olfaction Disorders - complications
Olfaction Disorders - physiopathology
Olfaction Disorders - psychology
Otorhinolaryngology
Phobic Disorders - etiology
Phobic Disorders - physiopathology
Rhinology
Sensory Thresholds
Smell
Young Adult
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Summary:Olfactory dysfunction and migraine has been associated for a long time. In this study, we planned to compare olfactory functions in patients with migraine and osmophobia with patients having migraine but no osmophobia, in addition with a normal control group using “Sniffin’ Sticks” test. The main distinction of this study is that all qualitative and quantitative properties of olfactory functions; threshold, discrimination and identification, are evaluated separately and jointly. Thirty healthy person aged between 16 and 56 (18 women, 12 men) and 60 migraine patients aged between 15 and 54 (39 women, 21 man) were included in the study. All patients have been inquired about osmophobia and have been assessed with Hedonic tone assessment. Osmophobia has been tested for perfume, cigarette smoke, leather, stale food, soy sauce, fish, spices and coffee smells. Olfactory functions has been assessed with “Sniffin’ Sticks” smell test. Thresholds, discrimination and identification have been determined for each patient. In migraine patients with osmophobia, threshold was 7.75 ± 2.3, in migraine patients without osmophobia threshold was 8.25 ± 1.5 and threshold was 10.75 ± 1.3 for the control group. Discrimination score was 6 ± 1.2 in migraine patients with osmophobia, 9 ± 0.8 in patients without osmophobia and was 12 ± 1.4 in the control group. In migraine patient with or without osmophobia Threshold/Discrimination/Identification (TDI) scores were lower than the control group. The most important parameter in our study is that discrimination scores were especially lower in patients with osmophobia. We believe that this decrease in discrimination in migraine patients with osmophobia; who claim that they smell everything and they are sensitive to all smells, is significant. Further studies about smell discrimination will help better understand some conditions; especially anosmia and hyposmia after upper respiratory tract infections and parosmia.
ISSN:0937-4477
1434-4726
DOI:10.1007/s00405-016-4283-z