Exercise training-induced modification in autonomic nervous system: An update for cardiac patients

Abstract Patients with cardiovascular disease show autonomic dysfunction, including sympathetic activation and vagal withdrawal, which leads to fatal events. This review aims to place sympathovagal balance as an essential element to be considered in management for cardiovascular disease patients who...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine 2017-01, Vol.60 (1), p.27-35
Main Authors: Besnier, Florent, Labrunée, Marc, Pathak, Atul, Pavy-Le Traon, Anne, Galès, Céline, Sénard, Jean-Michel, Guiraud, Thibaut
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Autonomic nervous system
Autonomic Nervous System - physiopathology
Cardiac rehabilitation
Cardiac Rehabilitation - methods
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology
Chronic heart failure
Exercise - physiology
Exercise Therapy - methods
Exercise training
Heart Rate - physiology
Humans
Internal Medicine
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Treatment Outcome
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Summary:Abstract Patients with cardiovascular disease show autonomic dysfunction, including sympathetic activation and vagal withdrawal, which leads to fatal events. This review aims to place sympathovagal balance as an essential element to be considered in management for cardiovascular disease patients who benefit from a cardiac rehabilitation program. Many studies showed that exercise training, as non-pharmacologic treatment, plays an important role in enhancing sympathovagal balance and could normalize levels of markers of sympathetic flow measured by microneurography, heart rate variability or plasma catecholamine levels. This alteration positively affects prognosis with cardiovascular disease. In general, cardiac rehabilitation programs include moderate-intensity and continuous aerobic exercise. Other forms of activities such as high-intensity interval training, breathing exercises, relaxation and transcutaneous electrical stimulation can improve sympathovagal balance and should be implemented in cardiac rehabilitation programs. Currently, the exercise training programs in cardiac rehabilitation are individualized to optimize health outcomes. The sports science concept of the heart rate variability (HRV)-vagal index used to manage exercise sessions (for a goal of performance) could be implemented in cardiac rehabilitation to improve cardiovascular fitness and autonomic nervous system function.
ISSN:1877-0657
1877-0665
DOI:10.1016/j.rehab.2016.07.002