Thermal degradation of driftwood: Determination of the concentration of sodium, calcium, magnesium, chlorine and sulfur containing compounds

•Gasification releases about 45%w alkaline earth metals in driftwood.•Combustion releases about 55%w alkaline earth metals in driftwood.•Gasification and combustion release respectively 65% and 80% of alkali metals.•Pyrolysis at 600°C has a low release of chlorine, calcium and magnesium. The annual...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Waste management (Elmsford) 2017-02, Vol.60, p.151-157
Main Authors: Bartocci, P., Barbanera, M., D’Amico, M., Laranci, P., Cavalaglio, G., Gelosia, M., Ingles, D., Bidini, G., Buratti, C., Cotana, F., Fantozzi, F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Air Pollutants - analysis
Alkali metals
Chlorine
Combustion
Driftwood
Energy-Generating Resources
Gasification
Hot Temperature
Incineration - methods
Italy
Pyrolysis
Solid Waste - analysis
Waste Management - methods
Wood - analysis
Wood - chemistry
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Summary:•Gasification releases about 45%w alkaline earth metals in driftwood.•Combustion releases about 55%w alkaline earth metals in driftwood.•Gasification and combustion release respectively 65% and 80% of alkali metals.•Pyrolysis at 600°C has a low release of chlorine, calcium and magnesium. The annual production of driftwood in Italy has been estimated to be more than 60,000 tonnes. This wood can be used as an energy source. Particular attention should be paid to its content of alkali and alkaline earth metals, sulfur and chlorine. Few works are available in the literature on this topic. For this reason, the authors propose experimental tests of combustion, gasification and pyrolysis, to evaluate the fate of alkali and alkaline earth metals, sulfur and chlorine in the solid residues and compare the three thermal degradation technologies. The results show a release of alkaline earth metals of about 45% of the initial quantity for gasification and a release of 55% of the initial quantity for combustion (while pyrolysis at 600°C has a very low release). The release of sodium is about 65% for gasification and 80% for combustion. It can be seen that the release of sodium is higher than that of alkaline earth metals; this is due to the divalency of the last ones. Dealing with the release of major elements (chlorine, sulfur and AAEMs) the tests have shown that pyrolysis process is a low emitting technology.
ISSN:0956-053X
1879-2456
DOI:10.1016/j.wasman.2016.08.035