Imaging in the diagnosis of pediatric urolithiasis

Pediatric urolithiasis is an important and increasingly prevalent cause of pediatric morbidity and hospital admission. Ultrasound (US) is the recommended primary imaging modality for suspected urolithiasis in children. There is, however, widespread use of CT as a first-line study for abdominal pain...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Pediatric Radiology 2017, Vol.47 (1), p.5-16
Main Authors:	Colleran, Gabrielle C., Callahan, Michael J., Paltiel, Harriet J., Nelson, Caleb P., Cilento, Bartley G., Baum, Michelle A., Chow, Jeanne S.
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Child Diagnosis, Differential Humans Imaging Medicine Medicine & Public Health Neuroradiology Nuclear Medicine Oncology Pediatrics Radiology Review Tomography, X-Ray Computed Ultrasonography Ultrasound Urolithiasis - diagnostic imaging
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Summary:	Pediatric urolithiasis is an important and increasingly prevalent cause of pediatric morbidity and hospital admission. Ultrasound (US) is the recommended primary imaging modality for suspected urolithiasis in children. There is, however, widespread use of CT as a first-line study for abdominal pain in many institutions involved in pediatric care. The objective of this review is to outline state-of-the-art imaging modalities and methods for diagnosing urolithiasis in children. The pediatric radiologist plays a key role in ensuring that the appropriate imaging modality is performed in the setting of suspected pediatric urolithiasis. Our proposed imaging algorithm starts with US, and describes the optimal technique and indications for the use of CT. We emphasize the importance of improved communication with a greater collaborative approach between pediatric and general radiology departments so children undergo the appropriate imaging evaluation.
ISSN:	0301-0449 1432-1998