Geographic distribution of patients affected by Cryptococcus neoformans/Cryptococcus gattii species complexes meningitis, pigeon and tree populations in Southern Brazil

Summary Cryptococcal meningitis is mainly caused by members of the C. neoformans/C. gattii species complexes. The ecological niches of Cryptococcus species have extensively been studied, but its epidemiological relationship with meningitis cases is still unknown. In this study, we estimate the relat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Mycoses 2017-01, Vol.60 (1), p.51-58
Main Authors: Spina‐Tensini, Tallulah, Muro, Marisol Dominguez, Queiroz‐Telles, Flávio, Strozzi, Isabella, Moraes, Samia Talise, Petterle, Ricardo Rasmussen, Vettorello, Marcelo, Staudacher, Claudia, Miguez, Luiz Alberto Lopes, Almeida, Sérgio Monteiro
Format: Article
Language:eng ; ger
Subjects:
Adult
Animals
Brazil - epidemiology
C. gattii species complex
C. neoformans species complex
Cerebrospinal fluid
Columbidae - microbiology
Cryptococcus gattii - isolation & purification
Cryptococcus neoformans
Cryptococcus neoformans - isolation & purification
CSF
Ecosystem
Female
Geographical distribution
georeferencing
HIV
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - epidemiology
HIV Infections - microbiology
HIV Infections - virology
Humans
Male
Meningitis
Meningitis, Cryptococcal - epidemiology
Meningitis, Cryptococcal - microbiology
Niches
Species
Trees
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Summary:Summary Cryptococcal meningitis is mainly caused by members of the C. neoformans/C. gattii species complexes. The ecological niches of Cryptococcus species have extensively been studied, but its epidemiological relationship with meningitis cases is still unknown. In this study, we estimate the relationship between cryptococcal meningitis cases and tree and pigeon populations, the classical niches of members of C. neoformans/C. gattii sensu lato. We analysed the records of every patient whose cerebrospinal fluid culture yielded Cryptococcus spp. during the last 30 years at Clinical Hospital of Curitiba. Data about Curitiba′s pigeon and tree distribution were obtained from Curitiba′s Secretaries of Zoonosis and Environment archives. We used ArcGis9 software to plot the distribution of the pigeon and tree populations in this city as well as cryptococcal meningitis cases, distinguishing them according to the causal agent in C. neoformans or C. gattii s.l. In total, 489 cryptococcal cultures were documented, with 140 corresponding to patients eligible for this study (134 affected by C. neoformans s.l. and 6 by C. gattii s.l.). The map showed a relationship between C. neoformans s.l. patients and pigeon population. C. gattii s.l. patients were associated with neither tree nor pigeon populations, but lived close to large unbuilt, unforested areas.
ISSN:0933-7407
1439-0507
DOI:10.1111/myc.12550