The effect of irrigation and urine application on phosphorus losses to subsurface flow from a stony soil

•The application of urine reduced the amount of P loss from soil.•Increasing the rate of irrigation did not affect the load of P lost from soil.•Phosphorus concentrations exceeded guidelines for good surface water quality. Diffuse losses of phosphorus (P) from agricultural land via subsurface flow (...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Agriculture, ecosystems & environment ecosystems & environment, 2016-10, Vol.233, p.425-431
Main Authors: Gray, C.W., McDowell, R.W., Carrick, S., Thomas, S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural land
Attenuation
Drainage
Drainage measurement
Dry matter
Evapotranspiration
Fertilizers
Flow
Hydrogen ions
Irrigation
Leaching
Load distribution
Loading rate
Lysimeter
Lysimeters
Nitrogen
Pasture
pH effects
Phosphorus
Preferential flow
Soil chemistry
Soil erosion
Soil investigations
Soil pH
Soils
Stony soils
Storm seepage
Subsoils
Surface water
Topsoil
Urine
Water quality
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Summary:•The application of urine reduced the amount of P loss from soil.•Increasing the rate of irrigation did not affect the load of P lost from soil.•Phosphorus concentrations exceeded guidelines for good surface water quality. Diffuse losses of phosphorus (P) from agricultural land via subsurface flow (viz leaching) can result in degradation of surface water quality. Factors such as irrigation and soil pH can increase the solubility of P and its subsequent loss to water. Urine patches are known to alter pH by up to 3 units, but it is unknown if this increases P loss. This study investigated subsurface P loss from a stony soil subjected to different rates of irrigation (12, 25, 50mmh−1) with or without the application of urine (600kgNha−1), a typical N loading rate under a cattle urine patch, using intact lysimeters. Results showed that despite receiving urine, average total P (TP), filtered reactive P (FRP) and filtered unreactive P (FURP) concentrations were significantly (P
ISSN:0167-8809
1873-2305
DOI:10.1016/j.agee.2016.09.040