Toxicity and microcystin content of extracts from a Planktothrix bloom and two laboratory strains

Toxic effects and microcystin content from various extracts of a Planktothrix agardhii bloom and two different strains of Planktothrix agardhii, HUB 076, and NIVA 34 were investigated. Extracts were obtained with solvents of different polarity such as hexane, dichloromethane, methanol, and water. Ad...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water research (Oxford) 2002-04, Vol.36 (8), p.2133-2139
Main Authors: Keil, C, Forchert, A, Fastner, J, Szewzyk, U, Rotard, W, Chorus, I, Krätke, R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Animals
Applied ecology
Applied sciences
Bacteriology
Biological and medical sciences
Continental surface waters
Cyanobacteria
Cyanobacteria - pathogenicity
Cyanophyta
Cyanotoxins
Danio rerio
Decapoda (Crustacea)
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution
Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics
Eutrophication
Exact sciences and technology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General aspects
Lethal Dose 50
Microbiology
Microcystins
Natural water pollution
Pathogenicity, virulence, toxins, bacteriocins, pyrogens, host-bacteria relations, miscellaneous strains
Peptides, Cyclic - toxicity
Planktothrix
Planktothrix agardhii
Pollution
Pollution, environment geology
Secondary metabolites
Thamnocephalus platyurus
Water treatment and pollution
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Summary:Toxic effects and microcystin content from various extracts of a Planktothrix agardhii bloom and two different strains of Planktothrix agardhii, HUB 076, and NIVA 34 were investigated. Extracts were obtained with solvents of different polarity such as hexane, dichloromethane, methanol, and water. Additionally, different pre-treatments were used to break the cells before extraction. Acute toxicity was determined with the fairy shrimp Thamnocephalus platyurus, subchronic effects were detected in embryos and larvae of the zebrafish Danio rerio. The extracts affected the test species to a different extent. Effects were severe in polar extracts (water and methanol) of all strains tested. Although the strain NIVA 34 did not contain any microcystins, aqueous extracts of this strain showed the highest acute toxicity to the crustacean species tested (LC 50=0.08 mg ml −1). In contrast aqueous extracts of the Planktothrix bloom containing high amounts of microcystins were less acutely toxic (LC 50=0.46 mg ml −1). Our results indicate the existence of further toxic metabolites in different Planktothrix agardhii strains.
ISSN:0043-1354
1879-2448
DOI:10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00417-1