Association of PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 Gene Expression and Clinicopathologic Characteristics in Patients With Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) related to positive responses to immunotherapy are currently unknown. In our study, we found that alterations in programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antig...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical lung cancer 2017-03, Vol.18 (2), p.e109-e116
Main Authors: Lafuente-Sanchis, Aránzazu, Zúñiga, Ángel, Estors, Miriam, Martínez-Hernández, Néstor J., Cremades, Antonio, Cuenca, María, Galbis, José M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenocarcinoma - genetics
Adenocarcinoma - pathology
Adenocarcinoma - therapy
Aged
B7-H1 Antigen - genetics
Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics
Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine - genetics
Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine - pathology
Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine - therapy
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung - genetics
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung - pathology
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung - therapy
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - genetics
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - therapy
Clinicopathology
CTLA-4 Antigen - genetics
Female
Humans
Immunotherapy
Inhibitory checkpoints
Lung Neoplasms - genetics
Lung Neoplasms - pathology
Lung Neoplasms - therapy
Male
Neoplasm Grading
Neoplasm Staging
Predictive markers
Prognosis
Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor - genetics
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
RNA, Messenger - genetics
Survival Rate
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Summary:Clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) related to positive responses to immunotherapy are currently unknown. In our study, we found that alterations in programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 expression at the mRNA level in lung tumoral tissue are not related to age, sex, smoking status, histological type, pathological stage, or tumor differentiation degree. However, PD-1 and PD-L1 overexpression might predict worse survival in stage I NSCLC patients and in well differentiated tumors. Recent studies show a potential benefit of therapies that target programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitory checkpoints in a subgroup of patients with non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), without the clinicopathologic characteristics related to positive responses to these treatments being well determined. The aim of this study was to determine PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 gene expression at the mRNA level in tumoral tissue from patients with NSCLC and analyze their possible relationship with the clinicopathological characteristics and their potential prognostic role. PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 expression levels were analyzed using real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in fresh-frozen tumor and normal adjacent lung tissue samples from 78 patients with NSCLC. Later, a significant association between mRNA levels, clinicopathologic characteristics, and patient's survival was assessed. No significant correlation between gene expression levels and sex, age, histological type, smoking status, pathologic stage, or tumor differentiation was found. However, higher levels of PD-1 were significantly associated with worse prognosis in patients with NSCLC, and PD-L1 overexpression was associated with a worse prognosis in stage I patients and in Grade 1 to 2 tumors. Alterations in PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 expression in lung tumoral tissue seem not to be related to age, sex, smoking status, histological type, pathological stage, or tumor differentiation degree. However, PD-1 and PD-L1 overexpression might predict worse survival in patients with stage I NSCLC and in well differentiated tumors.
ISSN:1525-7304
1938-0690
DOI:10.1016/j.cllc.2016.09.010