Electrochemical degradation of the antihypertensive losartan in aqueous medium by electro-oxidation with boron-doped diamond electrode

•Losartan was efficiently mineralized by electro-oxidation with BDD anode.•Optimal conditions for losartan degradation were 10mAcm−2, 0.05M Na2SO4 and pH 7.0.•Reaction by-products and carboxylic acids were identified.•Electro-oxidation process was applied to commercial tablets containing losartan. I...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of hazardous materials 2016-12, Vol.319, p.84-92
Main Authors: Salazar, Claudio, Contreras, Nicole, Mansilla, Héctor D., Yáñez, Jorge, Salazar, Ricardo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antihypertensive Agents - chemistry
Boron - chemistry
Boron-doped diamond electrode
Diamond - chemistry
Diamonds
Electrochemical oxidation
Electrodes
Electrolysis
Electrolytic cells
High performance liquid chromatography
Losartan - chemistry
Losartan potassium
Mineralization
Oxidation-Reduction
Potassium
Tablets
Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods
Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry
Water Purification - methods
Water treatment
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Summary:•Losartan was efficiently mineralized by electro-oxidation with BDD anode.•Optimal conditions for losartan degradation were 10mAcm−2, 0.05M Na2SO4 and pH 7.0.•Reaction by-products and carboxylic acids were identified.•Electro-oxidation process was applied to commercial tablets containing losartan. In this work the electrochemical oxidation of losartan, an emerging pharmaceutical pollutant, was studied. Electrochemical oxidation was carried out in batch mode, in an open and undivided cell of 100cm3 using a boron-doped diamond (BDD)/stainless steel system. With Cl− medium 56% of mineralization was registered, while with the trials containing SO42− as supporting electrolyte a higher mineralization yield of 67% was reached, even obtaining a total removal of losartan potassium at 80mAcm−2 and 180min of reaction time at pH 7.0. Higher losartan potassium concentrations enhanced the mineralization degree and the efficiency of the electrochemical oxidation process. During the mineralization up to 4 aromatic intermediates were identified by ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS). Moreover, short-linear carboxylic acids, like oxalic, succinic and oxamic were detected and quantified by ion-exclusion HPLC. Finally, the ability of the electrochemical oxidation process to mineralize dissolved commercial tablets containing losartan was achieved, obtaining TOC removal up to 71% under optimized conditions (10mAcm−2, 0.05M Na2SO4, pH 7.0 and 25°C and 360min of electrolysis).
ISSN:0304-3894
1873-3336
DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.04.009