Towards reconstruction of epithelialized cartilages from autologous adipose tissue‐derived stem cells

Deformities of the upper airways, including those of the nose and throat, are typically corrected by reconstructive surgery. The use of autologous somatic stem cells for repair of defects could improve quality and outcomes of such operations. The present study explored the ability of paediatric adip...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine 2017-11, Vol.11 (11), p.3078-3089
Main Authors: New, Sophie E.P., Ibrahim, Amel, Guasti, Leonardo, Zucchelli, Eleonora, Birchall, Martin, Bulstrode, Neil W., Seifalian, Alexander M., Ferretti, Patrizia
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipose tissue
Adipose Tissue - cytology
Adipose Tissue - metabolism
adipose tissue derived stem cell (ADSC)
Adolescent
Autografts
Biocompatibility
Biodegradability
Biodegradation
Bioengineering
Blood vessels
Cartilage
Cartilage - cytology
Cartilage - metabolism
Child
Child, Preschool
Chorioallantoic membrane
Deformation
differentiation
Epithelial cells
Epithelium
Ethyl carbamate
Female
human
Humans
Infant
Male
Mesenchyme
Nanocomposites
nanomaterial
Nose
Organosilicon Compounds - chemistry
Pharynx
Plastic surgery
Polyesters - chemistry
Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane
Polyurethanes - chemistry
Reconstructive surgery
Regenerative medicine
Stem cells
Stem Cells - cytology
Stem Cells - metabolism
Surgery
Tissue engineering
Tissue Scaffolds - chemistry
Urea
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Summary:Deformities of the upper airways, including those of the nose and throat, are typically corrected by reconstructive surgery. The use of autologous somatic stem cells for repair of defects could improve quality and outcomes of such operations. The present study explored the ability of paediatric adipose‐derived stem cells (pADSCs), a readily available source of autologous stem cells, to generate a cartilage construct with a functional epithelium. Paediatric ADSCs seeded on the biodegradable nanocomposite polymer, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane poly(ϵ‐caprolactone‐urea) urethane (POSS‐PCL), proliferated and differentiated towards mesenchymal lineages. The ADSCs infiltrated three‐dimensional POSS‐PCL nanoscaffold and chondroid matrix was observed throughout chondrogenically induced samples. In ovo chorioallantoic membrane‐grafted ADSC‐nanoscaffold composites were enwrapped by host vessels indicating good compatibility in an in vivo system. Furthermore, pADSCs could be induced to transdifferentiate towards barrier‐forming epithelial‐like cells. By combining differentiation protocols, it was possible to generate epithelial cell lined chondrogenic micromasses from the same pADSC line. This proof‐of‐concept study appears to be the first to demonstrate that individual pADSC lines can differentiate towards two different germ lines and be successfully co‐cultured. This has important implications for bioengineering of paediatric airways and further confirms the plastic nature of ADSCs. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ISSN:1932-6254
1932-7005
DOI:10.1002/term.2211