Limitations and perspectives about scaling ozone impacts in trees

Current factors that cause inconsistent results in scaling ozone effects from individual leaves to mature trees are reviewed. We review the need for scaling effects of ozone (O 3) from juvenile to mature forest trees, identify the knowledge presently available, and discuss limitations in scaling eff...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental pollution (1987) 2001, Vol.115 (3), p.373-393
Main Authors: Kolb, T.E, Matyssek, R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Air Pollutants - pharmacology
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Applied ecology
Biological and medical sciences
Biomass
Carbon - metabolism
Carbon Dioxide - pharmacology
CO 2
Ecosystem
Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution
Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on plants and fungi
Forestry
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General forest ecology
Generalities. Production, biomass. Quality of wood and forest products. General forest ecology
Germany
Maturation
Nutrients
Nutrition
O 3
Ozone - pharmacology
Plant Leaves - drug effects
Plant Leaves - physiology
Scaling
Time Factors
Tree ontogeny
Trees - drug effects
Trees - physiology
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Summary:Current factors that cause inconsistent results in scaling ozone effects from individual leaves to mature trees are reviewed. We review the need for scaling effects of ozone (O 3) from juvenile to mature forest trees, identify the knowledge presently available, and discuss limitations in scaling efforts. Recent findings on O 3/soil nutrient and O 3/CO 2 interactions from controlled experiments suggest consistent scaling patterns for physiological responses of individual leaves to whole-plant growth, carbon allocation, and water use efficiency of juvenile trees. These findings on juvenile trees are used to develop hypotheses that are relevant to scaling O 3 effects to mature trees, and these hypotheses are examined with respect to existing research on differences in response to O 3 between juvenile and mature trees. Scaling patterns of leaf-level physiological response to O 3 have not been consistent in previous comparisons between juvenile and mature trees. We review and synthesize current understanding of factors that may cause such inconsistent scaling patterns, including tree-size related changes in environment, stomatal conductance, O 3 uptake and exposure, carbon allocation to defense, repair, and compensation mechanisms, and leaf production phenology. These factors should be considered in efforts to scale O 3 responses during tree ontogeny. Free-air O 3 fumigation experiments of forest canopies allow direct assessments of O 3 impacts on physiological processes of mature trees, and provide the opportunity to test current hypotheses about ontogenetic variation in O 3 sensitivity by comparing O 3 responses across tree-internal scales and ontogeny.
ISSN:0269-7491
1873-6424
DOI:10.1016/S0269-7491(01)00228-7