Adsorption of the harmful hormone ethinyl estradiol inside hydrophobic cavities of CTA(+) intercalated montmorillonite

Hydrophobic cavities produced by cetyltrimethylammonium cation (CTA(+)) exchanged and trapped in the interlayer space of montmorillonite were used to remove the harmful hormone contaminant ethinyl estradiol (EE2) from water. X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, elemental...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water science and technology 2016-08, Vol.74 (3), p.663-671
Main Authors: Burgos, A E, Ribeiro-Santos, Tatiana A, Lago, Rochel M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
17β-Estradiol
Adsorbents
Adsorption
Analytical methods
Aqueous solutions
Bentonite - chemistry
Bisphenol A
Carbon
Cation exchanging
Cations
Cavities
Cetrimonium Compounds - chemistry
Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide
Clay
Contact angle
Contaminants
Electron microscopy
Ethinyl Estradiol - chemistry
Ethinylestradiol
Fourier analysis
Fourier transforms
Hazardous substances
Holes
Hormones
Hydrophobicity
Infrared analysis
Infrared spectroscopy
Intercalation
Interlayers
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Montmorillonite
Montmorillonites
Reuse
Scanning electron microscopy
Science
Sex hormones
Solvent extraction
Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission
Spectroscopic analysis
Spectroscopy
Surfactants
Thermogravimetry
Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry
Water pollution
Water Purification - instrumentation
Water Purification - methods
X-Ray Diffraction
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Description
Summary:Hydrophobic cavities produced by cetyltrimethylammonium cation (CTA(+)) exchanged and trapped in the interlayer space of montmorillonite were used to remove the harmful hormone contaminant ethinyl estradiol (EE2) from water. X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, elemental analysis (carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen), Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller and contact angle analyses showed that the intercalation of 9, 16 and 34 wt% CTA(+) in the montmorillonite resulted in the d001 expansion from 1.37 to 1.58, 2.09 and 2.18 nm, respectively. EE2 adsorption experiments showed that the original clay montmorillonite does not remove EE2 from water whereas the intercalated composites showed high efficiency with adsorption capacities of 4.3, 8.8 and 7.3 mg g(-1) for M9CTA(+), M16CTA(+) and M34CTA(+), respectively. Moreover, experiments with montmorillonite simply impregnated with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide showed that the intercalation of CTA(+) to form the hydrophobic cavity is very important for the adsorption properties. Simple solvent extraction can be used to remove the adsorbed EE2 without significant loss of CTA(+), which allows the recovery and reuse of the adsorbent for at least five times.
ISSN:0273-1223
1996-9732
DOI:10.2166/wst.2016.207