Biological control tools for wastewater reclamation and reuse. A critical review

The health related risk of wastewater reclamation and reuse is usually defined by laws, rules or regulations by using only biological tools; i.e. bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens or indicators determination. Those determinations exert some influence in the costs of the mentioned practices, and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water Science & Technology 2001-01, Vol.43 (10), p.195-201
Main Authors: SALGOT, M, CAMPOS, C, GALOFRE, B, TAPIAS, J. C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Bacteria
Biological control
Conservation of Natural Resources - economics
Conservation of Natural Resources - methods
Cost-Benefit Analysis
E coli
Exact sciences and technology
Health hazards
Health risk assessment
Health risks
Indicator organisms
Pathogens
Pollution
Public Health
Reclamation
Reuse
Toxicity
Viruses
Wastewater
Wastewater renovation
Wastewater reuse
Wastewaters reuse. Miscellaneous
Water markets
Water Microbiology - standards
Water Purification - economics
Water Purification - methods
Water reclamation
Water Supply - economics
Water Supply - standards
Water Supply - statistics & numerical data
Water treatment
Water treatment and pollution
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Summary:The health related risk of wastewater reclamation and reuse is usually defined by laws, rules or regulations by using only biological tools; i.e. bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens or indicators determination. Those determinations exert some influence in the costs of the mentioned practices, and it seems probable that in the near future more determinations will be required. Nevertheless, a total indication of wastewater biological quality is not given by such organisms; in fact, long-term toxicity is not detected by such means. The future of biological control of reclamation and reuse systems and the price associated to such determinations is examined through a practical application case.
ISSN:0273-1223
1996-9732
DOI:10.2166/wst.2001.0618