Fine Particulate Matter and Emergency Room Visits for Respiratory Illness. Effect Modification by Oxidative Potential

Fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5; particulate matter 2.5 μm or less in diameter) is thought to contribute to acute respiratory morbidity in part through oxidative stress. To examine the association between PM2.5 oxidative burden and emergency room visits for respiratory illnesses. We conducted...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 2016-09, Vol.194 (5), p.577-586
Main Authors: Weichenthal, Scott A, Lavigne, Eric, Evans, Greg J, Godri Pollitt, Krystal J, Burnett, Richard T
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Air Pollution - adverse effects
Asthma - complications
Asthma - epidemiology
Cross-Over Studies
Disease Progression
Emergency Service, Hospital - statistics & numerical data
Environmental Exposure - adverse effects
Environmental Exposure - statistics & numerical data
Female
Glutathione - physiology
Humans
Male
Ontario - epidemiology
Oxidative Stress - physiology
Particulate Matter - adverse effects
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - complications
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - epidemiology
Respiratory Tract Diseases - complications
Respiratory Tract Diseases - epidemiology
Respiratory Tract Diseases - etiology
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Summary:Fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5; particulate matter 2.5 μm or less in diameter) is thought to contribute to acute respiratory morbidity in part through oxidative stress. To examine the association between PM2.5 oxidative burden and emergency room visits for respiratory illnesses. We conducted a case-crossover study in Ontario, Canada between 2004 and 2011, including 127,836 cases of asthma, 298,751 cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and more than 1.1 million cases of all respiratory illnesses. Daily air pollution data were collected from ground monitors, and city-level PM2.5 oxidative potential was measured on the basis of a synthetic respiratory tract lining fluid containing the antioxidants glutathione and ascorbate. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate associations between air pollution concentrations and emergency room visits, adjusting for time-varying covariates. Three-day mean PM2.5 concentrations were consistently associated with emergency room visits for all respiratory illnesses. Among children (
ISSN:1073-449X
1535-4970
DOI:10.1164/rccm.201512-2434oc