Efficacy and short-term safety of topical Dwarf Elder (Sambucus ebulus L.) versus diclofenac for knee osteoarthritis: A randomized, double-blind, active-controlled trial

Sambucus ebulus L. (S. ebulus) has had long-standing application in Traditional Persian Medicine for joint pain and for a variety of bone and joint disorders. According to traditional use of S. ebulus and its relevant pharmacologic properties, this study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and sho...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of ethnopharmacology 2016-07, Vol.188, p.80-86
Main Authors: Jabbari, Marzie, Hashempur, Mohammad Hashem, Razavi, Seyede Zahra Emami, Shahraki, Hadi Raeisi, Kamalinejad, Mohammad, Emtiazy, Majid
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Administration, Cutaneous
Adult
Analgesics - administration & dosage
Analgesics - adverse effects
Analgesics - isolation & purification
Analgesics - therapeutic use
Arthralgia - diagnosis
Arthralgia - drug therapy
Arthralgia - physiopathology
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors - administration & dosage
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors - adverse effects
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors - therapeutic use
Diclofenac
Diclofenac - therapeutic use
Double-Blind Method
Dwarf elder
Female
Gels
Herbal Medicine
Humans
Iran
Male
Middle Aged
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis, Knee - diagnosis
Osteoarthritis, Knee - drug therapy
Osteoarthritis, Knee - physiopathology
Pain Measurement
Phytotherapy
Pilot Projects
Plant Extracts - administration & dosage
Plant Extracts - adverse effects
Plant Extracts - isolation & purification
Plant Extracts - therapeutic use
Plants, Medicinal
Sambucus - chemistry
Sambucus ebulus
Sambucus ebulus L
Time Factors
Traditional Persian Medicine
Treatment Outcome
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Summary:Sambucus ebulus L. (S. ebulus) has had long-standing application in Traditional Persian Medicine for joint pain and for a variety of bone and joint disorders. According to traditional use of S. ebulus and its relevant pharmacologic properties, this study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and short-term safety of topical use of S. ebulus in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Seventy nine patients with knee OA were randomly enrolled in 2 parallel arms of a pilot randomized, double-blind, active-controlled clinical trial. The patients were treated by topical S. ebulus gel or 1% diclofenac gel, three times a day, as much as a fingertip unit for 4 weeks. Patients were assessed prior to enrollment and, then, 2 and 4 weeks subsequent to the intervention, in terms of scores of visual analogue scale (VAS) for self-grading of their knee joint pain, and according to 3 different domains of Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire. Any observed adverse effects were also scrutinized. The mean values of WOMAC pain score, total WOMAC score and VAS score for pain of the S. ebulus group were significantly lower compared with the diclofenac group (P=0.004, P=0.04, and P
ISSN:0378-8741
1872-7573
DOI:10.1016/j.jep.2016.04.035