Baseline Time to Stabilization Identifies Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture Risk in Collegiate Athletes

Background: There is a need for successful screening methods to identify athletes at increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Previous research showed that collegiate athletes with ACL tears demonstrated slower time to stabilization during jump landing after reconstruction. Hypothe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The American journal of sports medicine 2016-06, Vol.44 (6), p.1487-1491
Main Authors: DuPrey, Kevin M., Liu, Kathy, Cronholm, Peter F., Reisman, Andrew S., Collina, Steven J., Webner, David, Kaminski, Thomas W.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries - diagnosis
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries - surgery
Athletes
Athletic Injuries - diagnosis
Athletic Injuries - surgery
Basketball - injuries
Case-Control Studies
Female
Football - injuries
Hockey - injuries
Humans
Ligaments
Male
Plyometric Exercise
Postural Balance
Prospective Studies
Racquet Sports - injuries
Recurrence
Risk assessment
Risk Factors
Soccer - injuries
Sports injuries
Sports medicine
Time Factors
Universities
Volleyball - injuries
Young Adult
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Summary:Background: There is a need for successful screening methods to identify athletes at increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Previous research showed that collegiate athletes with ACL tears demonstrated slower time to stabilization during jump landing after reconstruction. Hypothesis: Collegiate athletes with baseline deficiencies in time to stabilization are at increased risk of subsequent ACL rupture. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 278 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I college athletes (166 men, 112 women; mean age, 18.5 years; height, 178.8 cm; mass, 79.9 kg) in the high-risk sports of men’s football; women’s volleyball and field hockey; and men’s and women’s lacrosse, basketball, and soccer were measured to obtain baseline time to stabilization for backward, forward, medial, and lateral single-legged jump landing tasks. Athletes were followed for ACL rupture over a 4-year period. Independent t tests were used to evaluate differences in time to stabilization for each jump landing task between athletes with subsequent ACL rupture and uninjured athletes. Logistic regression models were used to assess time to stabilization as a predictor for ACL rupture. Results: Nine athletes sustained noncontact ACL ruptures (5 men, 4 women). These 9 athletes took significantly longer to stabilize compared with uninjured athletes during baseline backward jump landing (1.58 ± 0.39 and 1.09 ± 0.52 seconds, respectively; P = .0052). The odds of ACL rupture increased 3-fold (odds ratio, 2.95; 95% CI, 1.28-6.77) for every second increase in backward time to stabilization observed between injured and uninjured athletes. Conclusion: Collegiate athletes with slower baseline backward time to stabilization were at increased risk of ACL rupture.
ISSN:0363-5465
1552-3365
DOI:10.1177/0363546516629635