Differential effects of grape juice on gastric emptying and renal function from cisplatin-induced acute adverse toxicity

Grape skin and seeds contain large amounts of phytochemicals such as polyphenols, resveratrol, and proanthocyanidins, which possess antioxidant activities. Cisplatin is widely used in the treatment of cancer. High doses of cisplatin have also been known to produce acute adverse effects. The aim of t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Human & experimental toxicology 2016-08, Vol.35 (8), p.808-817
Main Authors: Ko, J-L, Tsai, C-H, Liu, T-C, Lin, M-Y, Lin, H-L, Ou, C-C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute Kidney Injury - chemically induced
Acute Kidney Injury - pathology
Acute Kidney Injury - physiopathology
Acute Kidney Injury - prevention & control
Animals
Antineoplastic Agents - toxicity
Antioxidants
Antioxidants - metabolism
Cancer
Cisplatin
Cisplatin - toxicity
Disorders
Dyspepsia
Emptying
Fruit - chemistry
Fruit and Vegetable Juices
Gastric emptying
Gastric Emptying - drug effects
Gastrointestinal tract
Gene expression
Ghrelin
Ghrelin - genetics
Kidney Function Tests
Male
mRNA
Oxidative stress
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
Plant Extracts - isolation & purification
Plant Extracts - therapeutic use
Polyphenols
Pretreatment
Proanthocyanidins
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Renal function
Renal tubules
Resveratrol
Rodents
Seeds
Seeds - chemistry
Side effects
Skin
Stomach
Stomach - drug effects
Stomach - metabolism
Stomach - physiopathology
Stretching
Toxicity
Vitaceae
Vitis - chemistry
Wines
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Summary:Grape skin and seeds contain large amounts of phytochemicals such as polyphenols, resveratrol, and proanthocyanidins, which possess antioxidant activities. Cisplatin is widely used in the treatment of cancer. High doses of cisplatin have also been known to produce acute adverse effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of antioxidant properties of whole grape juice (with skin and seeds) on cisplatin-induced acute gastrointestinal tract disorders and nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats. Gastric emptying is significantly increased in whole grape juice-pretreated rats when compared to cisplatin treatment alone. The expression of ghrelin mRNA of stomach is increased in rats with whole grape juice. However, pretreatment with whole grape juice did not reduce renal function markers in acute renal toxicity. No significant changes were recorded in the oxidative stress/antioxidant status parameters of any study group. In contrast, pretreatment with whole grape juice slightly improved tubular cell vacuolization, tubular dilatation, and cast formation in renal tubules. These results show that consumption of whole grape juice induces somewhat beneficial effects in preventing cisplatin-mediated dyspepsia but does not offer protection against cisplatin-induced acute renal toxicity.
ISSN:0960-3271
1477-0903
DOI:10.1177/0960327115607079