Numerical simulation of multiple CME‐driven shocks in the month of 2011 September

A global, three‐dimensional (3‐D) numerical simulation model has been employed to study the Sun‐to‐Earth propagation of multiple (12) coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and their associated shocks in September 2011. The inputs to the simulation are based on actual solar observations, which include the CM...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of geophysical research. Space physics 2016-03, Vol.121 (3), p.1839-1856
Main Authors: Wu, Chin‐Chun, Liou, Kan, Vourlidas, Angelos, Plunkett, Simon, Dryer, Murray, Wu, S. T., Socker, Dennis, Wood, Brian E., Hutting, Lynn, Howard, Russell A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arrivals
Charged particles
Computer simulation
Coronal mass ejection
geomagnetic storms
global MHD simulation
interplanetary shock
Magnetic fields
Magnetic storms
Mathematical models
Propagation
Simulation
Solar wind
space weather
Storms
Three dimensional
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Summary:A global, three‐dimensional (3‐D) numerical simulation model has been employed to study the Sun‐to‐Earth propagation of multiple (12) coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and their associated shocks in September 2011. The inputs to the simulation are based on actual solar observations, which include the CME speeds, source locations, and photospheric magnetic fields. The simulation result is fine tuned with in situ solar wind data observations at 1 AU by matching the arrival time of CME‐driven shocks. During this period three CME‐driven interplanetary (IP) shocks induced three sizable geomagnetic storms on 9, 17, and 26 September, with Dst values reaching −69, −70, and −101 nT, respectively. These storm events signify the commencement of geomagnetic activity in the solar cycle 24. The CME propagation speed near the Sun (e.g.,
ISSN:2169-9380
2169-9402
DOI:10.1002/2015JA021843