The effect of physical exercise on orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides and its role on long-term feeding control

Abstract Over the past decades, life-styles changing have led to exacerbated food and caloric intake and a reduction in energy expenditure. Obesity, main outcome of these changes, increases the risk for developing type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome, the leading cause of d...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Medical hypotheses 2016-08, Vol.93, p.30-33
Main Authors: Benite-Ribeiro, Sandra Aparecida, Putt, David A, Santos, Júlia Matzenbacher
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agouti-Related Protein - physiology
alpha-MSH - physiology
Animals
Appetite Regulation
Body Weight
Eating
Energy Metabolism
Exercise
Feeding Behavior
Food intake control
Humans
Hypothalamus - physiology
Internal Medicine
Metabolic diseases
Models, Theoretical
Neuropeptide Y - physiology
Neuropeptides - physiology
Obesity
Overweight
Physical exercise
Pro-Opiomelanocortin - physiology
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Summary:Abstract Over the past decades, life-styles changing have led to exacerbated food and caloric intake and a reduction in energy expenditure. Obesity, main outcome of these changes, increases the risk for developing type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome, the leading cause of death in adult and middle age population. Body weight and energy homeostasis are maintained via complex interactions between orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptides that take place predominantly in the hypothalamus. Overeating may disrupt the mechanisms of feeding control, by decreasing the expression of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and increasing orexigenic neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related peptide (AgRP), which leads to a disturbance in appetite control and energy balance. Studies have shown that regular physical exercise might decrease body-weight, food intake and improve the metabolic profile, however until the currently there is no consensus about its effects on the expression of orexigenic/anorexigenic neuropeptides expression. Therefore, we propose that the type and length of physical exercise affect POMC/αMSH and NPY/AgRP systems differently and plays an important role in feeding behavior. Moreover, based on the present reports, we hypothesize that increased POMC/αMSH overcome NPY/AgRP expression decreasing food intake in long term physical exercise and that results in amelioration of several conditions related to overweight and obesity.
ISSN:0306-9877
1532-2777
DOI:10.1016/j.mehy.2016.05.005