Synthesis of WO3 nanoparticles for biosensing applications

•WO3 nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal method.•The modified WO3/ITO electrodes were electrochemically characterized.•The nitrite biosensor was fabricated as proof of concept with ccNiR/WO3/ITO structure.•The analytical performance of the WO3 based biosensors achieved a sensitivity up to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical Chemical, 2016-02, Vol.223, p.186-194
Main Authors: Santos, Lídia, Silveira, Célia M., Elangovan, Elamurugu, Neto, Joana P., Nunes, Daniela, Pereira, Luís, Martins, Rodrigo, Viegas, Jaime, Moura, José J.G., Todorovic, Smilja, Almeida, M. Gabriela, Fortunato, Elvira
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biosensor
Biosensors
Cytochromes
Electrochemistry
Electrodes
Electron transfer
Hydrothermal synthesis
Mathematical analysis
Nanoparticles
Nanostructures
Nitrites
Tungsten oxide
Tungsten oxides
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Summary:•WO3 nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal method.•The modified WO3/ITO electrodes were electrochemically characterized.•The nitrite biosensor was fabricated as proof of concept with ccNiR/WO3/ITO structure.•The analytical performance of the WO3 based biosensors achieved a sensitivity up to 2143mA M−1 cm−2 with a Michaelis–Menten constant between 37 and 47μM. Direct electron transfer with redox proteins, in third generation biosensors, is already proved to be favored on electrodes modified with nanoparticles. In this work, different crystallographic and morphologic structures of tungsten oxide (WO3) nanoparticles are modified by hydrothermal synthesis at 180°C. The electrochemical properties of WO3 nanoparticles deposit on ITO electrodes are investigated and the analytical performance of the nitrite biosensor is presented as proof of concept. Despite the inherent features of each nanostructure, the heterogeneous electron transfer with the WO3 nanoparticles modified electrodes is thoroughly improved and, very importantly, the cytochrome c nitrite reductase (ccNiR) enzyme is able to keep its biological function. When compared with bare commercial ITO electrodes, the exchange rate constant of WO3/ITO electrodes with cytochrome c increased one order of magnitude, while the analytical parameters of the ccNiR/WO3/ITO electrodes response to nitrite (the Michaelis–Menten constant is 47μM and sensitivity of 2143mA M−1 cm−2) are comparable to those reported for carbon based electrodes. Therefore, these metal oxide nanoparticles are good alternative materials for electrochemical applications, such as non-mediated biosensors.
ISSN:0925-4005
1873-3077
DOI:10.1016/j.snb.2015.09.046