Studies on biomarkers of oxidative stress and associated genotoxicity and histopathology in Channa punctatus from heavy metal polluted canal

Some investigations were made on the Satha canal water and health of dwelling fish Channa punctatus at Satha village, district Aligarh (U.P). Metal bioaccumulation and induction of biomarkers such as lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S transferase (GST...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemosphere (Oxford) 2016-05, Vol.151, p.210-219
Main Authors: Javed, Mehjbeen, Ahmad, Irshad, Usmani, Nazura, Ahmad, Masood
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Bioaccumulation
Biomarker
Biomarkers - metabolism
Catalase - metabolism
Channa punctatus
Comet assay
DNA Damage
Ecotoxicology
Fishes - genetics
Fishes - metabolism
Fresh Water - chemistry
Gills - drug effects
Gills - metabolism
Glutathione - metabolism
Glutathione Transferase - metabolism
Heavy metals
Histopathology
Kidney - cytology
Kidney - drug effects
Kidney - metabolism
Lipid Peroxidation - drug effects
Liver - cytology
Liver - drug effects
Liver - metabolism
Metals, Heavy - toxicity
Mutagens - toxicity
Oxidative stress
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism
Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity
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Summary:Some investigations were made on the Satha canal water and health of dwelling fish Channa punctatus at Satha village, district Aligarh (U.P). Metal bioaccumulation and induction of biomarkers such as lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), DNA damage and histopathology are potential indicators of stress in C. punctatus exposed to effluents. In canal water Cr, Mn, Fe and Ni concentrations were exceeding the permissible limits set by both Bureau of Indian standards (BIS) and WHO. Fe (74%) was highly bioavailable and accumulated in all organs (gill, liver, kidney, muscle and integument). The highest metal pollution index (MPI) value of 53 was observed in gills and the lowest 6 in liver tissue. SOD and LPO were significantly higher in all tissues, whereas CAT, GST and GSH levels declined significantly compared to fish from the reference site. Concomitant damage to DNA was observed with significantly higher mean tail length in the exposed fish gill cells (19 μm) and in liver (12.7 μm) compared to reference fish (5 and 4 μm respectively). Histopathology in gill and liver also show significant damage. Therefore, it can be concluded that the sugar mill effluent has the potential to cause oxidative stress, DNA damage and histopathology in C. punctatus. This canal is a prime source of water and fish food to the local residents of the area. Therefore, the consumers may suffer adverse health effects like that in indicator organism. •A canal polluted by sugar mill effluent had high levels of metals.•In edible part of fish from the canal, Fe and Mn exceeded the permissible limits.•Accumulation of metals induced oxidative stress, genotoxicity and histopathology.
ISSN:0045-6535
1879-1298
DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.02.080