Pro-inflammatory effects and oxidative stress in lung macrophages and epithelial cells induced by ambient particulate matter

The objective of this study was to compare the toxicological effects of different source-related ambient PM10 samples in regard to their chemical composition. In this context we investigated airborne PM from different sites in Aachen, Germany. For the toxicological investigation human alveolar epith...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental pollution (1987) 2013-12, Vol.183, p.19-29
Main Authors: Michael, S., Montag, M., Dott, W.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Air
Air Pollutants - analysis
Air Pollutants - toxicity
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
cell viability
Chemical analysis
Chemical composition
Concentration (composition)
Cytotoxicity
Environmental pollutants toxicology
epithelial cells
Germany
Humans
Inflammatory response
ions
Macrophages
Macrophages, Alveolar - drug effects
Markers
Medical sciences
Mice
oxidation
Oxidative Stress
Particulate emissions
Particulate matter
Particulate Matter - analysis
Particulate Matter - toxicity
particulates
Pollution abatement
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - toxicity
Pulmonary Alveoli - drug effects
stress response
Stresses
Toxicological effects
Toxicology
Viability
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Summary:The objective of this study was to compare the toxicological effects of different source-related ambient PM10 samples in regard to their chemical composition. In this context we investigated airborne PM from different sites in Aachen, Germany. For the toxicological investigation human alveolar epithelial cells (A549) and murine macrophages (RAW264.7) were exposed from 0 to 96 h to increasing PM concentrations (0–100 μg/ml) followed by analyses of cell viability, pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress responses. The chemical analysis of these particles indicated the presence of 21 elements, water-soluble ions and PAHs. The toxicological investigations of the PM10 samples demonstrated a concentration- and time-dependent decrease in cell viability and an increase in pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. ► The study compares the toxicological effects of different source-related particles with regard to their chemical composition. ► The chemical characterization of the coarse particles revealed clear differences in elemental, TC and PAH composition. ► Equal mass concentrations of urban traffic and rural PM caused different toxicological responses. ► The observations confirm the hypothesis that particle composition, as well as origin, influence the PM-induced toxicity. The toxicological responses of lung epithelial cells and macrophages differ significantly after an exposure to equal mass concentrations of urban traffic and rural PM.
ISSN:0269-7491
1873-6424
DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2013.01.026