Determination of glucuronide conjugates of hydroxyl triphenyl phosphate (OH-TPHP) metabolites in human urine and its use as a biomarker of TPHP exposure

In vitro studies using avian hepatocytes or human liver microsomes suggest that hydroxylation is an important pathway in the metabolism of triphenyl phosphate (TPHP), a chemical used as a flame retardant and plasticizer. TPHP metabolism can lead to the formation of para(p)- and meta(m)-hydroxyl-(OH-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Chemosphere (Oxford) 2016-04, Vol.149, p.314-319
Main Authors: Su, Guanyong, Letcher, Robert J., Yu, Hongxia, Gooden, David M., Stapleton, Heather M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomarker
Biomarkers - metabolism
Biomarkers - urine
Canada
Environmental Exposure - analysis
Environmental Pollutants - urine
Flame retardant
Flame Retardants - metabolism
Glucuronidation
Glucuronides - metabolism
Glucuronides - urine
Hepatocytes - metabolism
Human urine
Humans
Hydroxyl Radical - metabolism
Hydroxyl Radical - urine
Hydroxylation
Metabolism
Microsomes, Liver - metabolism
Organophosphates - urine
Plasticizers - metabolism
Triphenyl phosphate
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Summary:In vitro studies using avian hepatocytes or human liver microsomes suggest that hydroxylation is an important pathway in the metabolism of triphenyl phosphate (TPHP), a chemical used as a flame retardant and plasticizer. TPHP metabolism can lead to the formation of para(p)- and meta(m)-hydroxyl-(OH-)TPHP products as well as their glucuronide conjugates. To determine whether the TPHP hydroxylation and depuration pathway also occurs in vivo in humans, the present study developed a sensitive method for quantification of p- and m-OH-TPHP glucuronides in human urine samples. In n = 1 pooled urine sample and n = 12 individual urine samples collected from four human volunteers from Ottawa (ON, Canada), p- and m-OH-TPHP glucuronides were detectable in 13 and 9 of the 13 analyzed samples and at concentrations ranging from
ISSN:0045-6535
1879-1298
DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.01.114