Preneoplastic lesions and precursors of urothelial cancer

As even a mere thickening of the urothelium can harbor genetic changes identical to that of low grade papillary urothelial tumors, it is not always possible to clearly recognize a precursor lesion of urothelial carcinoma by routine histological diagnostics. Complementary immunohistochemical and mole...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Der Pathologe 2016-02, Vol.37 (1), p.33-39
Main Authors: Knüchel-Clarke, R, Gaisa, N T
Format: Article
Language:ger
Subjects:
Adenocarcinoma - classification
Adenocarcinoma - genetics
Adenocarcinoma - pathology
Carcinoma in Situ - classification
Carcinoma in Situ - genetics
Carcinoma in Situ - pathology
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - classification
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - genetics
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell - classification
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell - genetics
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell - pathology
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic - classification
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic - genetics
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic - pathology
Epithelial Cells - classification
Epithelial Cells - pathology
Humans
Hyperplasia - classification
Hyperplasia - genetics
Hyperplasia - pathology
Metaplasia - classification
Metaplasia - genetics
Metaplasia - pathology
Precancerous Conditions - classification
Precancerous Conditions - genetics
Precancerous Conditions - pathology
Urinary Bladder - pathology
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - classification
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - genetics
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms - pathology
Urothelium - pathology
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Summary:As even a mere thickening of the urothelium can harbor genetic changes identical to that of low grade papillary urothelial tumors, it is not always possible to clearly recognize a precursor lesion of urothelial carcinoma by routine histological diagnostics. Complementary immunohistochemical and molecular diagnostic methods assist the recognition of these entities. These methods especially help to identify clinically important genetically unstable cells as the hallmark of carcinoma in situ (CIS). Little is known about the clinical significance of the morphological subtypes of CIS, which range from large cell to micropapillary variants. For a better understanding of special types of bladder cancer (e.g. adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma), it seems to be important to define the phenotype and the molecular pattern of non-urothelial lesions, such as intestinal metaplasia and squamous metaplasia, better and more precisely.
ISSN:1432-1963
DOI:10.1007/s00292-015-0130-z