Nano-fibrin stabilized CaSO4 crystals incorporated injectable chitin composite hydrogel for enhanced angiogenesis & osteogenesis

•The prepared chitin–CaSO4–nFibrin injectable gel showed osteoangiogenic properties.•nFibrin addition transformed the CaSO4 crystal shape from needle to hexagonal.•Composite gel showed high elastic modulus and complex strain percentage.•nFibrin masked the retarding effect of CaSO4 towards in vitro a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Carbohydrate polymers 2016-04, Vol.140, p.144-153
Main Authors: Arun Kumar, R., Sivashanmugam, A., Deepthi, S., Bumgardner, Joel D., Nair, Shantikumar V., Jayakumar, R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Animals
Biocompatible Materials - chemistry
Biocompatible Materials - pharmacology
Bone regeneration
Calcium sulfate
Calcium Sulfate - chemistry
Cell Adhesion - drug effects
Cell Differentiation - drug effects
Cell Survival - drug effects
Chitin - chemistry
Drug Stability
Elasticity
Fibrin - chemistry
Fibrin nanoparticles
Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells - cytology
Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells - drug effects
Humans
Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate - chemistry
Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate - pharmacology
Injectable chitin gel
Injections
Nanostructures - chemistry
Neovascularization, Physiologic - drug effects
Osteo differentiation
Osteogenesis - drug effects
Rabbits
Stress, Mechanical
Temperature
Viscosity
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Summary:•The prepared chitin–CaSO4–nFibrin injectable gel showed osteoangiogenic properties.•nFibrin addition transformed the CaSO4 crystal shape from needle to hexagonal.•Composite gel showed high elastic modulus and complex strain percentage.•nFibrin masked the retarding effect of CaSO4 towards in vitro angiogenesis.•Early osteogenesis was observed in presence of composite gel. Calcium sulfate (CaSO4), an excellent biodegradable bone forming agent that is an ideal choice as additive in gels, however, its disadvantage being poor gel rheology and angiogenesis. Here, we have synthesized chitin–CaSO4–nano-fibrin based injectable gel system which shows improved rheology and angiogenic potential. Rheological studies showed that the composite gel was a shear thinning gel with elastic modulus of 15.4±0.275kPa; a 1.67 fold increase over chitin control. SEM and XRD analyses revealed the effect of nano-fibrin (nFibrin) in transforming CaSO4 crystal shape from needle to hexagonal. It also masked the retarding effect of CaSO4 towards in vitro early cell attachment and angiogenesis using rabbit adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (rASCs) and HUVECs, respectively. rASCs osteogenesis was confirmed by spectrophotometric endpoint assay, which showed 6-fold early increase in alkaline phosphatase levels and immuno-cytochemistry analysis. These in vitro results highlight the potential of injectable chitin–CaSO4–nFibrin gel for osteo-regeneration via enhanced angiogenesis.
ISSN:0144-8617
1879-1344
DOI:10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.11.074