Quantitative super(1)H NMR metabolome profiling of Thai Jasmine rice (Oryza sativa) reveals primary metabolic response during brown planthopper infestation

Brown planthopper (BPH; Nilaparvata lugens) is a phloem feeding insect which is one of the most serious threats to rice crops in many countries throughout Asia. super(1)H NMR spectroscopy, combined with chemometrics, was used to analyze the polar metabolome from leaf extracts of Thai Jasmine rice (b...

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Published in:Metabolomics 2015-12, Vol.11 (6), p.1640-1655
Main Authors: Uawisetwathana, Umaporn, Graham, Stewart F, Kamolsukyunyong, Wintai, Sukhaket, Wissarut, Klanchui, Amornpan, Toojinda, Theerayut, Vanavichit, Apichart, Karoonuthaisiri, Nitsara, Elliott, Christopher T
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Jasminum
Nilaparvata lugens
Oryza sativa
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Summary:Brown planthopper (BPH; Nilaparvata lugens) is a phloem feeding insect which is one of the most serious threats to rice crops in many countries throughout Asia. super(1)H NMR spectroscopy, combined with chemometrics, was used to analyze the polar metabolome from leaf extracts of Thai Jasmine rice (brown planthopper (BPH)-susceptible KD) and its BPH resistant isogenic lines (BPH-resistant IL7 and BPH-resistant super(+) IL308 varieties) with and without BPH infestation at various time points (days 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8). Physiological changes of the rice isogenic lines were different based on the quantitative trait loci of BPH resistance. Multivariate models were capable of distinguishing between the susceptible and the resistant rice varieties throughout the infestation. The concentration of 10 metabolites were significantly altered (p < 0.05) between the infested and the control groups of each examined rice variety. Metabolic pathway analysis suggested that BPH infestation could perturb transamination during the early stages of infestation (days 1-3) for all rice varieties. In addition, the IL7 and IL308 varieties responded earlier (day 3) than the KD variety (day 8) by perturbing amino acid metabolism, shikimate and gluconeogenesis pathways. By day 8 of the infestation, the KD cultivar responded by activating the amino acid-mediated-de novo pathway whereas the IL308 variety activated the purine and pyrimidine compound-mediated-salvage pathway for nucleotide biosynthesis. This study has identified, for the first time, several potential metabolic pathways for acclimatization and defense mechanisms against BPH infestation. These findings provide a valuable, first insight into BPH resistance mechanisms in Thai Jasmine rice.
ISSN:1573-3882
1573-3890
DOI:10.1007/s11306-015-0817-4