Cerium oxide nanoparticles, combining antioxidant and UV shielding properties, prevent UV-induced cell damage and mutagenesis

Efficient inorganic UV shields, mostly based on refracting TiO 2 particles, have dramatically changed the sun exposure habits. Unfortunately, health concerns have emerged from the pro-oxidant photocatalytic effect of UV-irradiated TiO 2 , which mediates toxic effects on cells. Therefore, improvement...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nanoscale 2015-10, Vol.7 (38), p.15643-15656
Main Authors: Caputo, Fanny, De Nicola, Milena, Sienkiewicz, Andrzej, Giovanetti, Anna, Bejarano, Ignacio, Licoccia, Silvia, Traversa, Enrico, Ghibelli, Lina
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antioxidants
Antioxidants - chemistry
Antioxidants - pharmacology
Apoptosis - drug effects
Biological
Cell Line, Tumor
Cell Survival - drug effects
Cerium - chemistry
Cerium - pharmacology
Damage
DNA Damage - drug effects
Humans
Irradiation
Jurkat Cells
Nanoparticles
Nanoparticles - chemistry
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
Shields
Sun
Titanium
Titanium dioxide
Ultraviolet Rays
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Efficient inorganic UV shields, mostly based on refracting TiO 2 particles, have dramatically changed the sun exposure habits. Unfortunately, health concerns have emerged from the pro-oxidant photocatalytic effect of UV-irradiated TiO 2 , which mediates toxic effects on cells. Therefore, improvements in cosmetic solar shield technology are a strong priority. CeO 2 nanoparticles are not only UV refractors but also potent biological antioxidants due to the surface 3+/4+ valency switch, which confers anti-inflammatory, anti-ageing and therapeutic properties. Herein, UV irradiation protocols were set up, allowing selective study of the extra-shielding effects of CeO 2 vs. TiO 2 nanoparticles on reporter cells. TiO 2 irradiated with UV (especially UVA) exerted strong photocatalytic effects, superimposing their pro-oxidant, cell-damaging and mutagenic action when induced by UV, thereby worsening the UV toxicity. On the contrary, irradiated CeO 2 nanoparticles, via their Ce 3+ /Ce 4+ redox couple, exerted impressive protection on UV-treated cells, by buffering oxidation, preserving viability and proliferation, reducing DNA damage and accelerating repair; strikingly, they almost eliminated mutagenesis, thus acting as an important tool to prevent skin cancer. Interestingly, CeO 2 nanoparticles also protect cells from the damage induced by irradiated TiO 2 , suggesting that these two particles may also complement their effects in solar lotions. CeO 2 nanoparticles, which intrinsically couple UV shielding with biological and genetic protection, appear to be ideal candidates for next-generation sun shields. CeO 2 nanoparticles may provide trouble-free sun protection.
ISSN:2040-3364
2040-3372
DOI:10.1039/c5nr03767k