Cocaine alters catalase activity in prefrontal cortex and striatum of mice

Catalase is one of the enzymes that convert hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2) to H 2O presenting a protective role against free radicals. In this study, catalase activity was determined in homogenates of striatum (ST) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) in order to examine the participation of oxidative stress (OS...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neuroscience letters 2005-10, Vol.387 (1), p.53-56
Main Authors: Macêdo, Danielle Silveira, Vasconcelos, Silvânia Maria Mendes de, Santos, Rachel Silva dos, Aguiar, Lissiana Magna Vasconcelos, Lima, Vera Targino Moreira, Viana, Glauce Socorro Barros, Sousa, Francisca Cléa Florenço de
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors - pharmacology
Animals
Anticonvulsants - pharmacology
Biological and medical sciences
Bupropion
Bupropion - pharmacology
Catalase
Catalase - drug effects
Catalase - metabolism
Catecholamines - metabolism
Cocaine - adverse effects
Cocaine-induced lethality
Cocaine-induced seizures
Corpus Striatum - drug effects
Corpus Striatum - enzymology
Corpus Striatum - physiopathology
Diazepam - pharmacology
Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors - adverse effects
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Free Radical Scavengers - metabolism
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Headache. Facial pains. Syncopes. Epilepsia. Intracranial hypertension. Brain oedema. Cerebral palsy
Hydrogen Peroxide - metabolism
Male
Medical sciences
Mice
Mortality
Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes)
Neurology
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
Oxidative Stress - physiology
Prefrontal cortex
Prefrontal Cortex - drug effects
Prefrontal Cortex - enzymology
Prefrontal Cortex - physiopathology
Seizures - chemically induced
Seizures - enzymology
Seizures - physiopathology
Status epilepticus
Status Epilepticus - chemically induced
Status Epilepticus - enzymology
Status Epilepticus - physiopathology
Striatum
Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs
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Summary:Catalase is one of the enzymes that convert hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2) to H 2O presenting a protective role against free radicals. In this study, catalase activity was determined in homogenates of striatum (ST) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) in order to examine the participation of oxidative stress (OS) on cocaine actions in mice brain. Male Swiss mice were injected (i.p.) with cocaine at low (10 and 30 mg/kg) and high doses (90 mg/kg), and observed for 1 h. After cocaine overdose (90 mg/kg) some animals presented only status epilepticus (SE) while others died after seizures. These animals were dissected and divided in two groups, SE and death. Catalase activity was also determined after pretreatment with the anticonvulsant drug, diazepam, alone or injected before cocaine 90 mg/kg, and after seizures induced by a high dose of bupropion, a known inhibitor of NE and DA reuptake used for comparison. Results showed a decrease in catalase activity of the PFC and ST after SE and death induced by cocaine and bupropion overdoses. Cocaine at low doses decreased the enzyme activity only in ST. Diazepam treatment alone and before cocaine overdose did not interfere with catalase activity. This reduction in catalase activity may reflect an increase in H 2O 2 content in PFC and ST. Previous data reports that H 2O 2 inhibits dopamine transporter activity, suggesting that the decrease in catalase activity may potentiate the toxic mechanism of drugs that inhibit monoamines reuptake. As far as we know, this is the first report showing an involvement of OS in the cocaine's central mechanism of action.
ISSN:0304-3940
1872-7972
DOI:10.1016/j.neulet.2005.07.024