Aluminum hypophosphite microencapsulated to improve its safety and application to flame retardant polyamide 6

•MCAHP was prepared and applied in polyamide 6.•MCA as the capsule material can improve the fire safety of AHP.•Flame retardant polyamide 6 composites with MCAHP show good flame retardancy. Aluminum hypophosphite (AHP) is an effective phosphorus-containing flame retardant. But AHP also has fire risk...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of hazardous materials 2015-08, Vol.294, p.186-194
Main Authors: Ge, Hua, Tang, Gang, Hu, Wei-Zhao, Wang, Bi-Bo, Pan, Ying, Song, Lei, Hu, Yuan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aluminum - chemistry
Aluminum hypophosphite
Caprolactam - analogs & derivatives
Caprolactam - chemistry
Flame retardancy
Flame Retardants
Hot Temperature
Materials Testing
Microencapsulation
Phosphines - chemistry
Phosphites - chemistry
Polymers - chemistry
Safety
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
Thermogravimetry
Triazines - chemistry
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Summary:•MCAHP was prepared and applied in polyamide 6.•MCA as the capsule material can improve the fire safety of AHP.•Flame retardant polyamide 6 composites with MCAHP show good flame retardancy. Aluminum hypophosphite (AHP) is an effective phosphorus-containing flame retardant. But AHP also has fire risk that it will decompose and release phosphine which is spontaneously flammable in air and even can form explosive mixtures with air in extreme cases. In this paper, AHP has been microencapsulated by melamine cyanurate (MCA) to prepare microencapsulated aluminum hypophosphite (MCAHP) with the aim of enhancing the fire safety in the procedure of production, storage and use. Meanwhile, MCA was a nitrogen-containing flame retardant that can work with AHP via the nitrogen-phosphorus synergistic effect to show improved flame-retardant property than other capsule materials. After microencapsulation, MCA presented as a protection layer inhibit the degradation of AHP and postpone the generation of phosphine. Furthermore, the phosphine concentration could be effectively diluted by inert decomposition products of MCA. These nonflammable decomposition products of MCA could separate phosphine from air delay the oxidizing reaction with oxygen and decrease the heat release rate, which imply that the fire safety of AHP has been improved. Furthermore, MCAHP was added into polyamide 6 to prepare flame retardant polyamide 6 composites (FR-PA6) which show good flame retardancy.
ISSN:0304-3894
1873-3336
DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.04.002