Evaluation of the safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of three capripoxvirus vaccine strains against lumpy skin disease virus

Abstract The safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of three commercially available vaccines against lumpy skin disease (LSD) in cattle have been evaluated using a combination of vaccine challenge experiments and the monitoring of immune responses in vaccinated animals in the field. The three vaccines...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Vaccine 2015-06, Vol.33 (28), p.3256-3261
Main Authors: Gari, Getachew, Abie, Getnet, Gizaw, Daniel, Wubete, Alehegn, Kidane, Membere, Asgedom, Hagos, Bayissa, Berecha, Ayelet, Gelagay, Oura, Christopher A.L, Roger, Francois, Tuppurainen, Eeva S.M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allergy and Immunology
Animals
Antibodies, Viral - blood
Body temperature
Capripoxvirus
Capripoxvirus - immunology
Cattle
Ethiopia
Experiments
Gorgangoat pox strain
Infections
Kenyan sheep and goat pox strain
Lumpy skin disease
Lumpy Skin Disease - prevention & control
Lumpy skin disease virus
Lumpy skin disease virus - immunology
Lymphatic system
Neethling strain
Sheep
Skin
Skin diseases
Studies
Vaccination - veterinary
Vaccine
Vaccines
Vaccines, Attenuated - administration & dosage
Viral Vaccines - administration & dosage
Viral Vaccines - adverse effects
Viral Vaccines - immunology
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Summary:Abstract The safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of three commercially available vaccines against lumpy skin disease (LSD) in cattle have been evaluated using a combination of vaccine challenge experiments and the monitoring of immune responses in vaccinated animals in the field. The three vaccines evaluated in the study included two locally produced (Ethiopian) vaccines (lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) Neethling and Kenyan sheep and goat pox (KSGP) O-180 strain vaccines) and a Gorgan goat pox (GTP) vaccine manufactured by Jordan Bio-Industries Centre (JOVAC). The latter vaccine was evaluated for the first time in cattle against LSDV. The Ethiopian Neethling and KSGPO-180 vaccines failed to provide protection in cattle against LSDV, whereas the Gorgan GTP vaccine protected all the vaccinated calves from clinical signs of LSD. There was no significant difference in protective efficacy detected between two dosage levels ( P = 0.2, P = 0.25, and P = 0.1 for KSGP, Neethling and Gorgan vaccines, respectively). Additionally, the Gorgan GTP vaccinated cattle showed stronger levels of cellular immune responses measured using Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions at the vaccination site indicating higher levels of immunogenicity produced by the GTPV vaccine in cattle, as opposed to the other two vaccines. This study indicated, for the first time, that the Gorgan GTP vaccine can effectively protect cattle against LSDV and that the Neethling and KSGP O-180 vaccine were not protective. The results emphasise the need for molecular characterization of the Neethling and KSGP O-180 vaccine seed viruses used for vaccine production in Ethiopia. In addition, the potency and efficacy testing process of the Ethiopian LSD Neethling and KSGP O-180 vaccines should be re-evaluated.
ISSN:0264-410X
1873-2518
DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.01.035