Genetic characterization and antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter spp. isolated from poultry and humans in Senegal

Aims:  The main objectives of this study were to investigate the diversity of Campylobacter genotypes circulating in Senegal and to determine the frequency of antibiotic resistance. Methods and Results:  Strains of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from poultry (n = 99) and from patients (n = 10) and Ca...

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Published in:Journal of applied microbiology 2006-01, Vol.100 (1), p.209-217
Main Authors: Cardinale, E., Rose, V., Perrier Gros‐Claude, J.D., Tall, F., Rivoal, K., Mead, G., Salvat, G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amoxicillin - pharmacology
Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination - pharmacology
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
antimicrobial resistance
Biological and medical sciences
Campylobacter
Campylobacter - drug effects
Campylobacter - genetics
Campylobacter coli
Campylobacter coli - drug effects
Campylobacter coli - genetics
Campylobacter jejuni
Campylobacter jejuni - drug effects
Campylobacter jejuni - genetics
Ciprofloxacin - pharmacology
DNA Gyrase - genetics
Drug Resistance, Bacterial - genetics
Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field - methods
Erythromycin - pharmacology
Food Microbiology
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Genes, Bacterial - genetics
Genetic Variation - genetics
Genotype
human
Humans
Microbiology
Nalidixic Acid - pharmacology
poultry
Poultry - microbiology
pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis
Quinolones - pharmacology
Senegal
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Summary:Aims:  The main objectives of this study were to investigate the diversity of Campylobacter genotypes circulating in Senegal and to determine the frequency of antibiotic resistance. Methods and Results:  Strains of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from poultry (n = 99) and from patients (n = 10) and Campylobacter coli isolated from poultry (n = 72) were subtyped by pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The pulsotypes obtained after digestion by SmaI and KpnI revealed a significant genetic diversity in both species, but without any predominant pulsotypes. However, farm‐specific clones were identified in the majority of poultry houses (76·5%). Human and poultry isolates of C. jejuni had common PFGE patterns. High quinolone‐resistance rates were observed for C. jejuni (43·4%) and C. coli (48·6%) isolates obtained from poultry. Conclusions:  The results showed a genetic diversity of Campylobacter between farms indicating multiple sources of infection; but specific clones had the ability to colonize the broiler farms. The antimicrobial resistance patterns were not related to any specific PFGE pattern suggesting that resistance was due to the selective pressure of antibiotic usage. Campylobacter with similar genotypes were circulating in both human and poultry. Significance and Impact of the Study:  This study is important for the understanding of the epidemiology of Campylobacter in broiler farms in Senegal. It also emphasizes the need for a more stringent policy in the use of antimicrobial agents in food animals.
ISSN:1364-5072
1365-2672
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2005.02763.x