Molecular Detection of Leishmania in Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) Collected in the Caititu Indigenous Reserve of the Municipality of Lábrea, State of Amazonas, Brazil

Phlebotominae sand flies are of medical importance because they are vectors of human pathogens, such as protozoa of the genus Leishmania Ross, etiological agent of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). In Lábrea, a municipality in the state of Amazonas, Brazil, ACL is primarily associated with sub...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of medical entomology 2014-11, Vol.51 (6), p.1276-1282
Main Authors: Silva, T.R.R., Assis, M.D.G., Freire, M. P., Rego, F. D., Gontijo, C.M.F., Shimabukuro, P.H.F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amazon
Animals
Brazil
cutaneous leishmaniasis
fauna
Female
females
forest products
habitats
Health aspects
humans
indigenous people
Indigenous peoples
insect vectors
Insect Vectors - parasitology
Leishmania - genetics
Leishmania - isolation & purification
Leishmania amazonensis
Leishmania braziliensis
Leishmaniasis
Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous - transmission
Lutzomyia
Male
males
monitoring
pathogens
people
polymerase chain reaction
population
Psychodidae - parasitology
sand fly
VECTOR–BORNE DISEASES, SURVEILLANCE, PREVENTION
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Summary:Phlebotominae sand flies are of medical importance because they are vectors of human pathogens, such as protozoa of the genus Leishmania Ross, etiological agent of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). In Lábrea, a municipality in the state of Amazonas, Brazil, ACL is primarily associated with subsistence activities, such as collection and extraction of forest products, undertaken by both indigenous and nonindigenous people. Data on ACL in indigenous populations are scarce, such that there is little information on the identity of the etiologie agent(s), reservoir host(s) and insect vector(s). The aim of this work was to study the sand fly fauna collected during an 8-d surveillance of different habitats in the Indigenous Reserve Caititu, Lábrea. In total, 1,267 sand flies were collected in different habitats for eight consecutive days, of which 819 (64.6%) were females and 448 (35.4%) males, from 10 genera and 32 species. The most abundant genera were Psychodopygus (34.3%), Trichophoromyia (22.9%), and Nyssomyia (15.3%). The most abundant species were Trichophoromyia ubiquitalis (Mangabeira) (n = 235, 18.5%), Psychodopygus davisi (Root) (n = 228, 18.0%) and Nyssomyia antunesi (Coutinho) (n = 135, 10.7%). Direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction products demonstrated the presence of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis in the following species of sand flies: Evandromyia apurinan (Shimabukuro, Silveira, & Silva), Nyssomyia umbratilis (Ward & Fraiha), Nyssomyia yuilli yuilli (Young & Porter), Ps. davisi, Sciopemyia servulolimai (Damasceno & Causey), and Th. ubiquitalis. The presence of natural infection by Leishmania detected in the sand fly species investigated in this study suggests their possible role in the transmission cycle of ACL in the studied area.
ISSN:0022-2585
1938-2928
0022-2585
DOI:10.1603/ME14025