Oxidative stress in drug naïve first episode psychosis and antioxidant effects of risperidone

Abstract Backgroound Schizophrenia is accompanied by increased lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide (NO) levels and by lowered antioxidant levels. However, the effect of antipsychotic agents on these processes remains unclear. The objective of this study is to determine the oxidative stress (OS) stat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of psychiatric research 2015-09, Vol.68, p.210-216
Main Authors: Noto, Cristiano, Ota, Vanessa Kiyomi, Gadelha, Ary, Noto, Mariane Nunes, Barbosa, Décio Sabbatini, Bonifácio, Kamila Landucci, Nunes, Sandra Odebrecht, Cordeiro, Quirino, Belangero, Sintia Iole, Bressan, Rodrigo Affonseca, Maes, Michael, Brietzke, Elisa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antioxidant
Antioxidants - administration & dosage
Antioxidants - pharmacology
Antipsychotic
Antipsychotic Agents - administration & dosage
Antipsychotic Agents - pharmacology
Biomarkers - blood
Drug naïve
First-episode psychosis
Humans
Lipid Peroxidation - drug effects
Lipid Peroxidation - physiology
Oxidative stress
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
Oxidative Stress - physiology
Psychiatry
Psychotic Disorders - blood
Psychotic Disorders - drug therapy
Risperidone - administration & dosage
Risperidone - pharmacology
Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia - blood
Schizophrenia - drug therapy
Treatment Outcome
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Summary:Abstract Backgroound Schizophrenia is accompanied by increased lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide (NO) levels and by lowered antioxidant levels. However, the effect of antipsychotic agents on these processes remains unclear. The objective of this study is to determine the oxidative stress (OS) status in drug naïve first-episode psychotic patients (FEP) compared to healthy controls and to delineate the effects of risperidone on these biomarkers. Methods 51 drug naive FEP patients and 61 healthy controls were enrolled; FEP patients were reassessed 11 weeks after risperidone treatment. Three OS biomarkers, i.e. lipid hydroperoxides – LOOH, NO metabolites – NOx, and advanced oxidation protein products – AOPP, and two antioxidant biomarkers, i.e. total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter – TRAP, and paraoxonase 1 – PON1, were measured. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) were used to measure symptoms severity. Results Significantly lower PON1 activity and increased TRAP values were found in FEP patients. There were no significant associations between any of the OS/antioxidant biomarkers and clinical data. Risperidone treatment significantly increased PON1 activity and decreased LOOH levels. These effects of risperidone were not significantly associated with the clinical response and risperidone dosage. Discussion Changes in antioxidant profile, but not in lipid or protein oxidation or increased NO production, were found in drug-naive FEP. Risperidone may have antioxidant effects by lowering lipid peroxidation and increasing the antioxidant defenses against lipid peroxidation related to PON1. None of the biomarkers predicted treatment outcome.
ISSN:0022-3956
1879-1379
DOI:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.07.003