Cadmium exposure and consequence for the health and productivity of farmed ruminants

This paper reviews Cd exposure and consequences for the health and productivity of farmed ruminants. In farmed ruminants, Cd exposure may be associated with a number of different activities, including industrial processing, mining, and agricultural practices, and is also higher in soils in some geog...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Research in veterinary science 2015-08, Vol.101, p.132-139
Main Authors: Lane, E.A., Canty, M.J., More, S.J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agriculture - methods
Animals
Cadmium
Cadmium - toxicity
Diet - veterinary
Environmental Exposure
Farmed ruminants
Food contamination & poisoning
Health
Heavy metals
Kidney - drug effects
Kidney - metabolism
Metals, Heavy - analysis
Mining - methods
Productivity
Ruminants - metabolism
Rural areas
Soil - chemistry
Soil Pollutants - toxicity
Veterinary medicine
Zinc
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Summary:This paper reviews Cd exposure and consequences for the health and productivity of farmed ruminants. In farmed ruminants, Cd exposure may be associated with a number of different activities, including industrial processing, mining, and agricultural practices, and is also higher in soils in some geographic regions. Cd kidney concentrations increase with age and Cd exposure. Although Cd toxicity in farmed ruminants has been demonstrated experimentally, there are no published reports of naturally occurring Cd toxicity in farmed ruminants. Clinical signs of Cd intoxication are unlikely with a daily dietary Cd intake of less than 5mg/kg feed, which is 5–10 times higher than the maximum permitted Cd concentration in ruminant feed in the European Union. In farmed ruminants, Cd levels in tissue are largely dependent on the Cd content of diet. However, many factors affect Cd availability, relating to soils, plants and the presence of other trace elements including Ca, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Se and Zn. Experimental studies have highlighted the ability of Cd to alter trace element status, and the protective effect of good mineral status, however, there remain gaps in knowledge of the impact of these interactions on the health and productivity of farmed animals. •Cd is considered one of the most toxic elements in the environment.•Cd exposure is related with both anthropogenic and natural processes.•Cd kidney concentrations increase with age and Cd exposure.•Cd toxicity in farmed ruminants has only been demonstrated experimentally.•Cd interacts with the metabolism of essential trace elements.
ISSN:0034-5288
1532-2661
DOI:10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.06.004