Investigation of supraspinatus muscle architecture following concentric and eccentric training

Abstract Objectives To investigate the effects of concentric or eccentric abduction strength training on supraspinatus fiber bundle architecture and strength. Design A pre–post single-subject design. Methods Thirteen participants were randomized to concentric ( n = 6) or eccentric ( n = 7) training...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of science and medicine in sport 2015-07, Vol.18 (4), p.378-382
Main Authors: Kim, Soo Y, Ko, Jong Bum, Farthing, Jonathan P, Butcher, Scotty J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Data collection
Exercise
Female
Fiber bundle
Humans
Isometric Contraction
Load
Male
Muscle Strength
Organ Size
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation
Resistance Training - methods
Rotator cuff
Rotator Cuff - anatomy & histology
Rotator Cuff - diagnostic imaging
Rotator Cuff - physiology
Shoulder
Sports Medicine
Sports training
Studies
Torque
Ultrasonic imaging
Ultrasonography
Weightlifting
Young Adult
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Summary:Abstract Objectives To investigate the effects of concentric or eccentric abduction strength training on supraspinatus fiber bundle architecture and strength. Design A pre–post single-subject design. Methods Thirteen participants were randomized to concentric ( n = 6) or eccentric ( n = 7) training groups. Participants completed an eight week shoulder abduction training program in the scapular plane using an isokinetic dynamometer. Resistance training, requiring maximal effort on contraction, consisted of 4 sets of 8 reps at 60°/s in weeks 1–4, and 6 sets of 6 reps at 60°/s in weeks 5–8 with a frequency of 3×/week. Primary outcome measures included fiber bundle length, pennation angle, and muscle thickness of supraspinatus and these were quantified using ultrasound. Secondary outcome measures included isometric, eccentric and concentric abduction strength and these were evaluated using the isokinetic dynamometer. Results Mean fiber bundle length in the relaxed ( p = 0.033) and contracted ( p = 0.036) states significantly decreased with concentric training but remained unchanged with eccentric training. A significant increase in pennation angle, muscle thickness, and peak torque were found with training but no significant differences were detected between concentric and eccentric groups. Conclusions Training mode has a significant impact on fiber bundle length changes of the supraspinatus. Eccentric training of shoulder abduction leads to similar strength gains as concentric, but it may also have the added advantages of maintaining fiber bundle lengths and promoting tendon healing. Study is needed to confirm fiber bundle changes in a clinical population which would further support the use of eccentric abduction strength training in rehabilitation settings.
ISSN:1440-2440
1878-1861
DOI:10.1016/j.jsams.2014.05.007