Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids revert renal responses induced by a combination of 2 protocols that increase the amounts of advanced glycation end product in rats

Abstract Renal dysfunction is a severe complication that is caused by diabetes mellitus. Many factors associate the progression of this complication with high levels of proinflammatory and pro-oxidant substances, such as advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which form a heterogeneous group of com...

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Published in:Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2015-06, Vol.35 (6), p.512-522
Main Authors: de Assis, Adriano M, Rech, Anderson, Longoni, Aline, da Silva Morrone, Maurílio, de Bittencourt Pasquali, Matheus A, Perry, Marcos L.S, Souza, Diogo O, Moreira, José C.F
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use
Antioxidants - metabolism
Antioxidants - pharmacology
Antioxidants - therapeutic use
Creatinine - blood
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - complications
Diabetic Nephropathies - blood
Diabetic Nephropathies - prevention & control
Diet
Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - pharmacology
Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - therapeutic use
Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Glycation End Products, Advanced - blood
High AGE fat–containing diet
Kidney - drug effects
Kidney - metabolism
Male
Oxidative stress
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
Proinflammatory status
Rats, Wistar
Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products - metabolism
Renal parameters
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - blood
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Summary:Abstract Renal dysfunction is a severe complication that is caused by diabetes mellitus. Many factors associate the progression of this complication with high levels of proinflammatory and pro-oxidant substances, such as advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which form a heterogeneous group of compounds that can accumulate in tissues such as retinas, joints, and kidneys. The hypothesis of this study is that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) have a nephroprotective effect on rats after exposing them to a combination of 2 protocols that increase the AGE amounts: a high-fat diet enriched with AGEs and a diabetes rat model. Adult Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups that received the following diets for 4 weeks: (1) control group; 2) HAGE: high AGE fat–containing diet group; (3) HAGE + n-3: high AGE fat–containing diet plus n-3 PUFAs group; (4) diabetic group; (5) Db + HAGE: high AGE fat–containing diet diabetic group; and (6) Db + HAGE + n-3: high AGE fat–containing diet plus n-3 PUFAs diabetic group. Diabetes mellitus was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (150 mg kg−1 ). In diabetic and nondiabetic rats, the high HAGE fat–containing diet increased the serum creatinine, tumor necrosis factor– α , thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and reactive oxygen species levels, as well as the superoxide dismutase/catalase + glutathione peroxidase ratio and the superoxide dismutase 2 and receptor for advanced glycation end products immunocontent of the kidneys. n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids attenuated these alterations and influenced the receptor for advanced glycation end products/oxidative stress/tumor necrosis factor– α axis. In summary, this study showed that the extrinsic AGE pathway (HAGE diet) had a greater effect on renal metabolism than the intrinsic AGE pathway (diabetes induction) and that n-3 PUFAs appear to prevent renal dysfunction via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways.
ISSN:0271-5317
1879-0739
DOI:10.1016/j.nutres.2015.04.013